水母 Aurelia 的基因组和动物复杂性的进化。,Nature Ecology & Evolution

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水母 Aurelia 的基因组和动物复杂性的进化。
Nature Ecology & Evolution ( IF 13.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-Jan-01 , DOI: 10.1038/s41559-018-0719-8
David A Gold _{1,

2} , Takeo Katsuki ₃ , Yang Li ₄ , Xifeng Yan ₄ , Michael Regulski ₅ , David Ibberson ₆ , Thomas Holstein ₇ , Robert E Steele ₈ , David K Jacobs ₉ , Ralph J Greenspan _{3,

10,

11}

Affiliation

Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Department of Computer Science, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
Deep Sequencing Core Facility, Cell Networks, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of Biological Chemistry and Developmental Biology Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

我们展示了月球水母 Aurelia 的基因组，这是一种来自具有美杜莎生命阶段的刺胞动物的基因组。我们的分析表明，Aurelia 中的基因得失与在其形态上更简单的亲属——珊瑚虫和海葵中发现的情况相当。RNA 测序分析不支持分类限制（孤儿）基因在美杜莎阶段的发展中发挥过大作用的假设。相反，在动物和真核生物中广泛保守的基因在整个生命周期中发挥着相似的作用。Aurelia 的所有生命阶段都显着丰富了基因的表达，这些基因被假设在双侧动物中发现的蛋白质网络中相互作用。总的来说，我们的结果表明 Aurelia 生命周期复杂性的增加与基因数量的增加无关。这导致了两种可能的进化情景：要么是水母动物进化了它们复杂的水母生命阶段（伴随着向新生态位的转变），要么主要是通过改造已经存在于最后一个共同祖先中的刺胞动物的遗传途径，或者最早的刺胞动物有水母生命阶段，随后在珊瑚虫中丢失。虽然我们赞成早期的假设，但后者与越来越多的证据一致，即许多最早的动物比以前假设的身体更复杂。随后在珊瑚虫中消失了。虽然我们赞成早期的假设，但后者与越来越多的证据一致，即许多最早的动物比以前假设的身体更复杂。随后在珊瑚虫中消失了。虽然我们赞成早期的假设，但后者与越来越多的证据一致，即许多最早的动物比以前假设的身体更复杂。

"点击查看英文标题和摘要"

The genome of the jellyfish Aurelia and the evolution of animal complexity.

We present the genome of the moon jellyfish Aurelia, a genome from a cnidarian with a medusa life stage. Our analyses suggest that gene gain and loss in Aurelia is comparable to what has been found in its morphologically simpler relatives-the anthozoan corals and sea anemones. RNA sequencing analysis does not support the hypothesis that taxonomically restricted (orphan) genes play an oversized role in the development of the medusa stage. Instead, genes broadly conserved across animals and eukaryotes play comparable roles throughout the life cycle. All life stages of Aurelia are significantly enriched in the expression of genes that are hypothesized to interact in protein networks found in bilaterian animals. Collectively, our results suggest that increased life cycle complexity in Aurelia does not correlate with an increased number of genes. This leads to two possible evolutionary scenarios: either medusozoans evolved their complex medusa life stage (with concomitant shifts into new ecological niches) primarily by re-working genetic pathways already present in the last common ancestor of cnidarians, or the earliest cnidarians had a medusa life stage, which was subsequently lost in the anthozoans. While we favour the earlier hypothesis, the latter is consistent with growing evidence that many of the earliest animals were more physically complex than previously hypothesized.

更新日期：2019-01-26

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