Structured RNA elements, programmed RNA conformational changes, and interactions between different RNA domains underlie many modes of regulating gene expression, mandating studies to understand the foundational principles that govern these phenomena. Exploring the structured 3' untranslated region (UTR) of a viral RNA, we discovered that different contexts of the 3'-UTR confer different abilities to enhance translation of an associated open reading frame. In one context, ribosome-induced conformational changes in a 'sensor' RNA domain affect a separate RNA 'functional' domain, altering translation efficiency. The structure of the entire 3'-UTR reveals that structurally distinct domains use a spine of continuously stacked bases and a strut-like linker to create a conduit for communication within the higher-order architecture. Thus, this 3'-UTR RNA illustrates how RNA can use programmed conformational changes to sense the translation status of an upstream open reading frame, then create a tuned functional response by communicating that information to other RNA elements.

中文翻译：

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病毒3'-UTR感中核糖体诱导的RNA构象变化并调节翻译水平。

结构化的RNA元素，程序化的RNA构象变化以及不同RNA结构域之间的相互作用是调节基因表达的多种模式的基础，这要求进行研究以了解控制这些现象的基本原理。探索病毒RNA的结构化3'非翻译区（UTR），我们发现3'-UTR的不同上下文赋予不同的能力来增强相关开放阅读框的翻译。在一种情况下，核糖体在“传感器” RNA结构域中诱导的构象变化会影响单独的RNA“功能”结构域，从而改变翻译效率。整个3'的结构 -UTR揭示结构上不同的域使用连续堆叠的基部的脊柱和类似支杆的链接器来创建用于高层架构内通信的管道。因此，此3'-UTR RNA说明了RNA如何利用程序化的构象变化来感测上游开放阅读框的翻译状态，然后通过将该信息传递给其他RNA元件来产生调节的功能响应。