Currently, most cathode interlayer (CIL) materials for organic solar cells (OSCs) cannot be processed by printing techniques, which severely limits their use in practical productions. Herein, we report a naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based small-molecular compound (N,N-dimethylamino)propyl naphthalene diimide (NDI-N) as printable CIL for OSCs. NDI-N exhibits a unique advantage that combines the merits of high crystallinity and good film-forming property in one material, endowing the semiconductor with excellent electron-transport properties and good processability. By using the NDI-N as CIL, a high power-conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.9% was achieved in a PBDB-T-2F:IT-4F-based OSC device. More importantly, a large-area OSC device of 1 cm² was fabricated by using the blade-coated NDI-N CIL and an outstanding PCE of 13.2% was achieved, which represents the highest efficiency of large-area OSCs. The results in this work may pave the way for low-cost and mass production of OSCs.

当前，大多数用于有机太阳能电池（OSC）的阴极夹层（CIL）材料无法通过印刷技术进行处理，这严重限制了它们在实际生产中的使用。在此，我们报道了基于萘二酰亚胺（NDI）的小分子化合物（N，N-二甲基氨基）丙基萘二酰亚胺（NDI-N）作为OSC的可打印CIL。NDI-N具有独特的优势，在一种材料中结合了高结晶度和良好的成膜特性，使半导体具有出色的电子传输性能和良好的可加工性。通过使用NDI-N作为CIL，在基于PBDB-T-2F：IT-4F的OSC器件中实现了13.9％的高功率转换效率（PCE）。更重要的是，一个1 cm ²的大面积OSC设备通过使用刀片涂层的NDI-N CIL制成的PCS达到了13.2％的出色PCE，这代表了大面积OSC的最高效率。这项工作的结果可能为低成本和大量生产OSC铺平道路。