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Transcription Factors Activate Genes through the Phase-Separation Capacity of Their Activation Domains.
Cell ( IF 45.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-11-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.042
Ann Boija 1 , Isaac A Klein 2 , Benjamin R Sabari 1 , Alessandra Dall'Agnese 1 , Eliot L Coffey 3 , Alicia V Zamudio 3 , Charles H Li 3 , Krishna Shrinivas 4 , John C Manteiga 3 , Nancy M Hannett 1 , Brian J Abraham 1 , Lena K Afeyan 3 , Yang E Guo 1 , Jenna K Rimel 5 , Charli B Fant 5 , Jurian Schuijers 1 , Tong Ihn Lee 1 , Dylan J Taatjes 5 , Richard A Young 3
Affiliation  

Gene expression is controlled by transcription factors (TFs) that consist of DNA-binding domains (DBDs) and activation domains (ADs). The DBDs have been well characterized, but little is known about the mechanisms by which ADs effect gene activation. Here, we report that diverse ADs form phase-separated condensates with the Mediator coactivator. For the OCT4 and GCN4 TFs, we show that the ability to form phase-separated droplets with Mediator in vitro and the ability to activate genes in vivo are dependent on the same amino acid residues. For the estrogen receptor (ER), a ligand-dependent activator, we show that estrogen enhances phase separation with Mediator, again linking phase separation with gene activation. These results suggest that diverse TFs can interact with Mediator through the phase-separating capacity of their ADs and that formation of condensates with Mediator is involved in gene activation.

中文翻译:


转录因子通过激活域的相分离能力激活基因。



基因表达由转录因子 (TF) 控制,转录因子由 DNA 结合域 (DBD) 和激活域 (AD) 组成。 DBD 已得到很好的表征,但人们对 AD 影响基因激活的机制知之甚少。在这里,我们报告了不同的 AD 与介体共激活剂形成相分离的冷凝物。对于 OCT4 和 GCN4 TF,我们表明体外与 Mediator 形成相分离液滴的能力和体内激活基因的能力依赖于相同的氨基酸残基。对于雌激素受体(ER)(一种配体依赖性激活剂),我们发现雌激素通过介体增强相分离,再次将相分离与基因激活联系起来。这些结果表明,不同的 TF 可以通过其 AD 的相分离能力与 Mediator 相互作用,并且与 Mediator 形成缩合物参与基因激活。
更新日期:2018-11-15
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