Dietary metabolism, the gut microbiome, and heart failure.,Nature Reviews Cardiology

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Dietary metabolism, the gut microbiome, and heart failure.
Nature Reviews Cardiology ( IF 41.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-03-01 , DOI: 10.1038/s41569-018-0108-7
W H Wilson Tang _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Daniel Y Li ₅ , Stanley L Hazen _{1,

2,

4,

5}

Affiliation

Advances in our understanding of how the gut microbiota contributes to human health and diseases have expanded our insight into how microbial composition and function affect the human host. Heart failure is associated with splanchnic circulation congestion, leading to bowel wall oedema and impaired intestinal barrier function. This situation is thought to heighten the overall inflammatory state via increased bacterial translocation and the presence of bacterial products in the systemic blood circulation. Several metabolites produced by gut microorganisms from dietary metabolism have been linked to pathologies such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. These findings suggest that the gut microbiome functions like an endocrine organ by generating bioactive metabolites that can directly or indirectly affect host physiology. In this Review, we discuss several newly discovered gut microbial metabolic pathways, including the production of trimethylamine and trimethylamine N-oxide, short-chain fatty acids, and secondary bile acids, that seem to participate in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure. We also discuss the gut microbiome as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, and potential strategies for targeting intestinal microbial processes.

中文翻译：

饮食代谢，肠道微生物组和心力衰竭。

我们对肠道菌群如何促进人类健康和疾病的理解的进步，进一步扩展了我们对微生物组成和功能如何影响人类宿主的见解。心力衰竭与内脏循环充血有关，导致肠壁水肿和肠屏障功能受损。据认为，这种情况通过增加细菌易位和全身血液循环中细菌产物的存在而增强了总体炎症状态。肠道微生物通过饮食代谢产生的几种代谢物已与诸如动脉粥样硬化，高血压，心力衰竭，慢性肾脏疾病，肥胖症和2型糖尿病等疾病相关。这些发现表明，肠道微生物组通过产生可直接或间接影响宿主生理的生物活性代谢物而像内分泌器官一样起作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了几种新发现的肠道微生物代谢途径，包括三甲胺和三甲胺N-氧化物，短链脂肪酸和仲胆汁酸的产生，它们似乎参与了心血管疾病的发展和进程，包括心脏衰竭。我们还讨论了肠道微生物组作为治疗心血管疾病的新型治疗靶标，以及针对肠道微生物过程的潜在策略。包括三甲胺和三甲胺N-氧化物，短链脂肪酸和仲胆汁酸的产生，它们似乎参与了包括心力衰竭在内的心血管疾病的发展和进程。我们还讨论了肠道微生物组作为治疗心血管疾病的新型治疗靶标，以及针对肠道微生物过程的潜在策略。包括三甲胺和三甲胺N-氧化物，短链脂肪酸和仲胆汁酸的产生，它们似乎参与了包括心力衰竭在内的心血管疾病的发展和进程。我们还讨论了肠道微生物组作为治疗心血管疾病的新型治疗靶标，以及针对肠道微生物过程的潜在策略。

更新日期：2019-01-26

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