单胺氧化酶：可调节的胺分解和功能化活性,ACS Catalysis

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单胺氧化酶：可调节的胺分解和功能化活性
ACS Catalysis ( IF 11.3 ) Pub Date : 2018-11-08 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03525
Vasco F. Batista ₁ , James L. Galman ₂ , Diana C. G. A. Pinto ₁ , Artur M. S. Silva ₁ , Nicholas J. Turner ₂

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单胺氧化酶（MAO）是用于氧化多种不同胺（包括α-手性胺）的生物催化剂。它们的高选择性和活性，以及酶促合成所固有的环境优势，使MAOs备受关注，以备将来在工业生物催化过程中应用。迄今为止，这些酶已用于胺拆分和胺官能化中。黄褐微球菌的MAO用于苄基异喹啉生物碱的多酶合成，黑曲霉的MAO（MAO-N）用于脱硝实验。MAO-N还用于胺功能化的几种生物和生物化学级联反应中，探索了亚胺/亚胺物种反应性的提高。已对MAO-N进行了广泛的工程设计，以改变其活性位点的大小和电子性质，从而产生能够氧化多种α-脂肪族和芳香族胺的变体。这篇综述提供了对MAOs生物催化应用的最新研究的深入分析，以及有关仍阻碍其工业应用的局限性和挑战的可用数据。它还强调了手性胺的重要性以及人类MAO在代谢中的生化重要性。最后，简要调查了其他胺氧化酶（例如CHAO或HLNO / HDNO）的发展，

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Monoamine Oxidase: Tunable Activity for Amine Resolution and Functionalization

Monoamine oxidases (MAO) are biocatalysts for the oxidation of a wide range of different amines including α-chiral amines. Their high selectivity and activity, along with the environmental advantages inherent to enzymatic synthesis, place MAOs in the spotlight for future application in industrial biocatalytic processes. To date, these enzymes have been used in both amine resolution and amine functionalization. MAO from Micrococcus luteus was employed in the multienzymatic synthesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, and MAO from Aspergillus niger (MAO-N) was used in deracemization experiments. MAO-N was also applied to several biobio and biochemo cascades for amine functionalization, exploring the increased reactivity of the imine/iminium species. MAO-N has been extensively engineered to alter the size and electronic properties of its active site, creating variants capable of oxidizing a broad range of α-aliphatic and aromatic amines. This Review provides an in-depth analysis of current research in the biocatalytic applications of MAOs, coupled with available data on the limitations and challenges that still hinder their industrial application. It also highlights the importance of chiral amines and the biochemical importance of human MAO in metabolism. Finally, the development of alternative amine oxidases, such as CHAO or HLNO/HDNO, is briefly surveyed, along with a discussion on possible future developments on this field.

更新日期：2018-11-08

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