Optogenetic stimulation of the peripheral nervous system is a novel approach to motor control, somatosensory transduction, and pain processing. Various optical stimulation tools have been developed for optogenetic stimulation using optical fibers and light-emitting diodes positioned on the peripheral nerve. However, these tools require additional sensors to monitor the limb or muscle status. We present herein a novel optical nerve cuff electrode that uses a single cuff electrode to conduct to simultaneously monitor neural activity and optogenetic stimulation of the peripheral nerve. The proposed optical nerve cuff electrode is designed with a polydimethylsiloxane substrate, on which electrodes can be positioned to record neural activity. We confirm that the illumination intensity and the electrical properties of the optical nerve cuff electrode are suitable for optical stimulation with simultaneous neural activity monitoring in Thy1::ChR2 transgenic mice. With the proposed electrode, the limb status is monitored with continuous streaming signals during the optical stimulation of anesthetized and moving animals. In conclusion, this optical nerve cuff electrode provides a new optical modulation tool for peripheral nervous system studies.

中文翻译：

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紧凑型光学神经袖套电极，可同时进行神经活动监测和周围神经的光遗传学刺激。

周围神经系统的光遗传学刺激是一种新的运动控制，体感转导和疼痛处理的方法。已经开发出各种光学刺激工具，以使用位于周围神经上的光纤和发光二极管进行光遗传学刺激。但是，这些工具需要附加的传感器来监视肢体或肌肉的状态。我们在本文中提出了一种新颖的光学神经袖套电极，其使用单个袖套电极进行传导以同时监测神经活动和周围神经的光遗传学刺激。提出的光学神经袖套电极设计有聚二甲基硅氧烷基底，可以在其上放置电极以记录神经活动。我们证实，在Thy1 :: ChR2转基因小鼠中，神经神经袖带电极的光照强度和电学特性适合同时刺激神经活动进行光刺激。使用建议的电极，在麻醉和活动的动物进行光刺激时，通过连续的流信号监测肢体状态。总之，这种光学神经袖套电极为周围神经系统研究提供了一种新的光学调制工具。