One-dimensional transition metal phosphides with large specific surface areas and efficient conductivity have the great potential in both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction (HER and OER) as bifunctional catalysts, which are at the heart of water splitting. Herein, we firstly report the controllable synthesis of Co₂P nanorods through a substrate- and template-free facile phosphating reaction. Electrochemical test results reveal that the synthesized Co₂P nanorods exhibit superior bifunctional activity with overpotentials of 87 mV for HER and 310 mV for OER at 10 mA cm⁻², respectively, relative to Co₂P/CoP branched nanostructure, CoP nanoparticles and commercial Co₂P in alkaline media. In addition, the bifunctional Co₂P nanorods catalysts enable overall water splitting with a cell voltage of 1.65 V to achieve 10 mA cm⁻² and stabilized potentials at different current densities testing over 24 h. Further analysis demonstrate that the remarkably bifunctional activity is contributed to high charge transfer efficiency, large contact area with electrolyte and a large number of exposed active sites provided by the rod-like nanostructure. This work should shed light on an industrialized pathway for the future design of phosphide catalysts to apply to overall water splitting even other emerging energy devices.

具有大比表面积和有效电导率的一维过渡金属磷化物作为双功能催化剂，在氢和氧的放出反应（HER和OER）中都具有巨大的潜力，这是水分解的核心。在本文中，我们首先报道了通过无底物和无模板的便捷磷酸化反应可控制地合成Co ₂ P纳米棒。电化学测试结果表明，相对于Co ₂ P / CoP支链纳米结构，CoP纳米颗粒和商用Co ₂ P纳米棒，Co ₂ P纳米棒在10 mA cm ^-2时表现出优异的双功能活性，对于HER的过电势分别为HER的87 mV和对于OER的过电势为310 mV。钴₂P在碱性介质中。此外，双功能Co ₂ P纳米棒催化剂可在1.65 V的电池电压下进行总水分解，以实现10 mA cm ^-2的电势，并在24小时内以不同的电流密度测试稳定电位。进一步的分析表明，显着的双功能活性有助于提高电荷转移效率，与电解质的大接触面积以及由棒状纳米结构提供的大量暴露的活性位点。这项工作应为将来磷化物催化剂设计的工业化途径提供启示，使其适用于甚至其他新兴能源装置的总水分解。