Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an economically important vegetable crop that is cultivated worldwide. Compared to the wild ancestor bearing small, bitter and seedy fruit, domesticated cucumbers exhibit significant variation in fruit appearance, size and flavor. Understanding the molecular basis of domestication related traits can provide insights into fruit evolution and make crop breeding more efficient. Here we review recent advances in relating to the genetic basis of fruit morphological traits (femaleness, fruit spine, wart, size, color and carpel development) and organoleptic features (bitterness) during cucumber domestication.

中文翻译：

---

黄瓜果实驯化的分子基础

黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）是一种经济重要的蔬菜作物，在世界范围内都有种植。与野生祖先果实较小，苦味和种子状相比，驯化的黄瓜在果实外观，大小和风味上表现出显着差异。了解驯化相关性状的分子基础可以提供对果实进化的见解，并使农作物育种更加有效。在这里，我们回顾了黄瓜驯化过程中与水果形态特征（雌性，果脊，疣，大小，颜色和心皮发育）的遗传基础和感官特征（苦味）相关的最新进展。