Liquid metal reaction media provides exciting new avenues for synthesizing low‐dimensional materials. Here, the synthesis of atomically thin sheets and nanofibers of boehmite (γ‐AlOOH) and their transformation into cubic alumina (γ‐Al₂O₃) via annealing is explored. The sheets are as thin as one orthorhombic boehmite unit cell. The addition of aluminum into a room temperature alloy of gallium, followed by exposing the melt to either liquid water or water vapor, allows growing either 2D sheets or 1D fibers, respectively. The isolated oxide hydroxides feature large surface areas, with the sheet morphologies also showing a high Young's modulus. The method is green, since the liquid metal solvent can be fully reused. The ultrathin boehmite sheets are found suitable for the development of freestanding membrane filters that enable excellent separation of heavy metal ions and oil from aqueous solutions at extraordinary filtrate flux. The developed liquid metal‐based synthesis process offers a sustainable, green, and rapid method for synthesizing nanomorphologies of metal oxides which are challenging to obtain by conventional methods. The process is both sustainable and scalable and may be explored for the creation of other types of metal oxide compounds.

中文翻译：

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液态金属反应介质绿色合成低维氧化铝和氢氧化物：超高通量膜

液态金属反应介质为合成低维材料提供了令人兴奋的新途径。在此，原子级薄的片材和勃姆石（γ-AlOOH的）和它们转化为立方氧化铝纳米纤维的合成（γ-Al系₂ ö ₃）通过退火进行了探索。片材薄至一个斜方勃姆石晶胞。将铝添加到室温的镓合金中，然后将熔体暴露于液态水或水蒸气中，可以分别生长2D片材或1D纤维。分离出的氢氧化物具有较大的表面积，片材形态也显示出高的杨氏模量。该方法是绿色的，因为液态金属溶剂可以完全重复使用。发现超薄勃姆石片材适合于独立式膜过滤器的开发，该过滤器能够以极高的滤液通量出色地从水溶液中分离重金属离子和油。已开发的基于液态金属的合成工艺可提供可持续的，绿色的，合成金属氧化物纳米形态的快速方法，这是常规方法难以获得的。该过程既可持续又可扩展，可以探索用于创建其他类型的金属氧化物化合物。