In recent years, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been regarded as one of the most important classes of materials. The combination of various metal clusters and ligands, arranged in a vast array of geometries has led to an ever-expanding MOF family. Each year, new and novel MOF structures are discovered. The structural diversity present in MOFs has significantly expanded the application of these new materials. MOFs show great potential for a variety of applications, including but not limited to: gas storage and separation, catalysis, biomedicine delivery, and chemical sensing. This review intends to offer a short summary of some of the most important topics and recent development in MOFs. The scope of this review shall cover the fundamental aspects concerning the design and synthesis of MOFs and range to the practical applications regarding their stability and derivative structures. Emerging trends of MOF development will also be discussed. These trends shall include multicomponent MOFs, defect development in MOFs, and MOF composites. The ever important structure–property–application relationship for MOFs will also be investigated. Overall, this review provides insight into both existing structures and emerging aspects of MOFs.

中文翻译：

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从基础到应用：强大而多功能的MOF材料的工具箱

近年来，金属有机框架（MOF）被视为最重要的材料类别之一。各种各样的金属簇和配体的组合以各种各样的几何形状排列，导致了MOF系列的不断扩展。每年，都会发现新颖的MOF结构。MOF中存在的结构多样性极大地扩展了这些新材料的应用。MOF在各种应用中显示出巨大的潜力，包括但不限于：气体存储和分离，催化，生物医学传递和化学传感。这篇综述旨在简要介绍一些最重要的主题以及财政部的最新发展。审查的范围应涵盖与MOF的设计和合成有关的基本方面，并涉及其稳定性和派生结构的实际应用范围。MOF发展的新兴趋势也将被讨论。这些趋势应包括多组分MOF，MOF中的缺陷发展以及MOF复合材料。MOF永远重要的结构-属性-应用关系也将被研究。总体而言，此评论提供了对MOF的现有结构和新兴方面的见解。