Abstract Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is an emerging membrane - based technology that can be used to capture renewable energy released from mixing seawater and river water. When natural waters are used as feed solutions, the presence of multivalent ions and natural organic matter (NOM) results in a lower open circuit voltage (OCV) and power density. In this research, we modified the surface of standard anion exchange membranes (AEMs) via the facile layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition of poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI). Only moderate increase was introduced to the membrane area resistance. The modified membranes exhibited monovalent - anion selectivity comparable to that of commercial monovalent-ion selective membranes, and largely improved anti-organic fouling potential simultaneously. When tested in a RED process with feed waters containing not only chloride but sulfate and humic acid, the maximum gross power density generated was improved by up to 17% with polyelectrolyte-modified membranes. Also, the energy conversion efficiency of the modified membranes could be prominently increased by 3 times compared with standard AEM conversion. The results indicate significant efficacy of AEMs with polyelectrolyte multilayers on their membrane surface for RED application.

中文翻译：

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用于反向电渗析的单价阴离子选择性和防污聚电解质多层阴离子交换膜

摘要 反电渗析 (RED) 是一种新兴的基于膜的技术，可用于捕获海水和河水混合释放的可再生能源。当天然水用作进料溶液时，多价离子和天然有机物 (NOM) 的存在会导致较低的开路电压 (OCV) 和功率密度。在这项研究中，我们通过聚（苯乙烯磺酸盐）（PSS）和聚（乙烯亚胺）（PEI）的轻松逐层（LBL）沉积来修饰标准阴离子交换膜（AEM）的表面。仅对膜面积电阻引入了适度的增加。改性膜表现出与商业单价离子选择性膜相当的单价阴离子选择性，同时大大提高了抗有机污染的潜力。当在 RED 工艺中使用不仅含有氯化物而且含有硫酸盐和腐殖酸的给水进行测试时，使用聚电解质改性膜产生的最大总功率密度提高了 17%。此外，与标准 AEM 转换相比，改性膜的能量转换效率可显着提高 3 倍。结果表明，在其膜表面具有多层聚电解质的 AEM 对于 RED 应用具有显着的功效。