Synapse is not merely the connection of two adjacent neurons in the human brain but also the fundamental structure for information transmission in an ever-changing pattern. Therefore, the hardware implementation of artificial synapses/neurons with intriguing spatiotemporal-processed functions is of great significance for brain-like intelligent electronics. Herein, bidirectionally-trigged coplanar-gate electric-double-layer two-dimensional (2D) MoS₂ neuromorphic transistors with complementary spatiotemporal learning abilities are successfully demonstrated through the laterally-coupled and proton-conducting poly (vinyl alcohol) electrolytes. The fundamental bidirectional neuromorphic behaviors such as excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic current (EPSC, IPSC), excitatory and inhibitory paired-pulse facilitation (E-PPF, I-PPF), and bidirectional frequency-dependent dynamic filtering from high-pass to low-pass transitions were successfully mimicked. Most importantly, for the first time, with the multi-coplanar-gates as inputs, the complementary spatiotemporal learning and anti-spatiotemporal learning, and bidirectional tunable spiking logic dynamics were experimentally demonstrated. Our results could provide a promising opportunity for adding the intelligent complementary spatiotemporal-learning functions in brain-like 2D nanoscale bioelectronics.

突触不仅是人类大脑中两个相邻神经元的连接，而且还是信息传输以不断变化的模式的基本结构。因此，具有有趣的时空处理功能的人工突触/神经元的硬件实现对于像脑的智能电子设备具有重要意义。在此，双向触发共面栅极电双层二维（2D）MoS ₂通过横向耦合和质子传导的聚乙烯醇电解质成功地证明了具有互补的时空学习能力的神经形态晶体管。基本的双向神经形态行为，例如兴奋性和抑制性突触后电流（EPSC，IPSC），兴奋性和抑制性成对脉冲促进（E-PPF，I-PPF）以及从高通到低通的双向频率依赖性动态滤波过渡已成功模仿。最重要的是，首次以多共面门作为输入，实验性地证明了互补的时空学习和反时空学习以及双向可调尖峰逻辑动力学。