多光谱法研究卤古菌对铀形态的影响,Environmental Science & Technology

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多光谱法研究卤古菌对铀形态的影响
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-10-18 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02667
Miriam Bader ₁ , André Rossberg ₁ , Robin Steudtner ₁ , Björn Drobot _{1,

2} , Kay Großmann ₁ , Matthias Schmidt ₃ , Niculina Musat ₃ , Thorsten Stumpf ₁ , Atsushi Ikeda-Ohno ₁ , Andrea Cherkouk ₁

Affiliation

盐古菌是岩盐中微生物群落的主要组成部分，可作为宿主岩处理高放射性废物。但是，关于卤古菌如何与放射性核素相互作用的知识尚缺乏。在这里，我们结合了光谱学和显微学方法，以分子水平研究了高度嗜盐古生菌与铀的相互作用，铀是高放射性废物中的主要放射性核素之一。获得的结果表明，Halobacterium noricense DSM 15987 ^T影响铀形态与铀浓度和孵育时间的函数。X射线吸收光谱法揭示了铀（VI）磷酸盐矿物的形成，例如偏金铁矿，是铀浓度低于30μM时的主要物种，而铀（VI）则主要与细胞壁的羧酸盐基团相关以及铀浓度为85μM时的细胞外聚合物质。首次，我们在存在Halobacterium noricense DSM 15987 ^T的情况下鉴定了铀的生物矿化作用细胞。这些发现凸显了古细菌在铀地球化学循环中的潜在重要性及其在高盐环境中生物矿化中的作用，为在高盐分条件下与高放废物处置和生物修复有关的微生物-the系元素相互作用提供了新见解。

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Impact of Haloarchaea on Speciation of Uranium—A Multispectroscopic Approach

Haloarchaea represent a predominant part of the microbial community in rock salt, which can serve as host rock for the disposal of high level radioactive waste. However, knowledge is missing about how Haloarchaea interact with radionuclides. Here, we used a combination of spectroscopic and microscopic methods to study the interactions of an extremely halophilic archaeon with uranium, one of the major radionuclides in high level radioactive waste, on a molecular level. The obtained results show that Halobacterium noricense DSM 15987^T influences uranium speciation as a function of uranium concentration and incubation time. X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals the formation of U(VI) phosphate minerals, such as meta-autunite, as the major species at a lower uranium concentration of 30 μM, while U(VI) is mostly associated with carboxylate groups of the cell wall and extracellular polymeric substances at a higher uranium concentration of 85 μM. For the first time, we identified uranium biomineralization in the presence of Halobacterium noricense DSM 15987^T cells. These findings highlight the potential importance of Archaea in geochemical cycling of uranium and their role in biomineralization in hypersaline environments, offering new insights into the microbe-actinide interactions in highly saline conditions relevant to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste as well as bioremediation.

更新日期：2018-10-19

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