Zwitterionic materials are the latest generation of materials for nonfouling interfaces and membranes. They outperform poly(ethylene glycol) derivatives because they form tighter bonds with water molecules and can trap more water molecules. This feature article summarizes our laboratory’s fundamental developments related to the functionalization of interfaces and membranes using zwitterionic materials. Our molecular designs of zwitterionic polymers and copolymers, sulfobetaine-based, carboxybetaine-based, or phosphobetaine-based, are first reviewed. Then, the strategies used to functionalize surfaces/membranes by coating, grafting onto, grafting from, or in situ modification are examined and discussed, and the third part of this article shifts the focus to key applications of zwitterionic materials. Finally, some potential future directions for molecular designs, functionalization processes, and applications are presented.

中文翻译：

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两性离子界面和膜的设计

两性离子材料是用于防污界面和膜的最新一代材料。它们优于聚乙二醇衍生物，因为它们与水分子形成更紧密的键并可以捕获更多的水分子。这篇专题文章总结了我们实验室在使用两性离子材料对界面和膜进行功能化方面的基础发展。我们首先综述了基于两性离子聚合物和共聚物（基于磺基甜菜碱，基于羧基甜菜碱或基于膦甜菜碱）的分子设计。然后，研究和讨论了用于通过涂覆，接枝，接枝或原位修饰来功能化表面/膜的策略，本文的第三部分将重点转移到两性离子材料的关键应用上。最后，