An ethyl 4,4,4-trifluorobutyrate (ETFB) additive, with ester and partially fluorinated alkyl moieties, is employed to stabilize the interface structure of Ni-rich layered LiNi_0.7Co_0.15Mn_0.15O₂ (NCM) cathodes and graphite anodes. The analysis of the surface chemistry of the electrodes shows that ETFB serves as a bifunctional additive for constructing protective layers on both electrodes in a full cell. Cycling tests reveal that the addition of 1% ETFB leads to excellent capacity retention (84.8%) for the NCM/graphite full cell, which also delivers a superior discharge capacity of 167 mAh g⁻¹ and a high Coulombic efficiency of over 99.8% after 300 cycles at 45 °C. The ETFB-derived protective layer effectively reduces intergranular cracking in secondary NCM cathode particles upon repeated charge-discharge cycling and limits the dissolution of transition metal ions from the cathode at high temperatures. In addition, after ETFB reduction, the graphite anode develops a thermally stable interface structure, which suppresses the self-discharge of graphite coupled with the NCM cathode at 60 °C.

具有酯和部分氟化烷基部分的4,4,4-三氟丁酸乙酯（ETFB）添加剂用于稳定富镍层状LiNi _0.7 Co _0.15 Mn _0.15 O ₂（NCM）阴极和石墨阳极的界面结构。电极表面化学分析表明，ETFB可作为双功能添加剂，用于在整个电池中的两个电极上构建保护层。循环测试表明，添加1％ETFB可以使NCM /石墨全电池具有出色的容量保持率（84.8％），还可以提供167 mAh g ^-1的出色放电容量在45°C下进行300次循环后，库仑效率高达99.8％以上。衍生自ETFB的保护层在反复进行充放电循环后，可有效减少次级NCM阴极颗粒中的晶间裂纹，并在高温下限制了过渡金属离子从阴极的溶解。此外，经过ETFB还原后，石墨阳极形成了热稳定的界面结构，该结构在60°C时抑制了与NCM阴极耦合的石墨的自放电。