It is still uncertain whether the consumption of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs) alleviates the colorectal cancer (CRC) through gut microbiota. In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length and permeability, cecal microbiota and the gene expression profile of colonic epithelial cells of healthy and CRC mice consuming GLPs. The results showed GLPs consumption prevented CRC mice’s colon shortening and reduced 30% of their mortality. GLPs consumption significantly reduced the relative abundance (RA) of cecal Oscillospira, which was first observed in CRC mice in a high RA, along with an unknown genus of Desulfovibrionaceae, and down-regulated 7 genes mainly related to the reduction of lipolysis in adipocytes. Four of 7 genes, including Acaa1b, Fabp4, Mgll and Scd1, are reportedly relative to cancer. The results indicated both specific bacteria reduction and cancer-related genes regulation by GLPs were responsible for the CRC alleviation, and their relationship is deserved to be further explored.

食用灵芝多糖（GLP）是否能通过肠道菌群缓解大肠癌（CRC）仍不确定。在这项研究中，我们调查了食用GLP的健康和CRC小鼠的死亡率，结肠长度和通透性，盲肠菌群以及结肠上皮细胞的基因表达谱。结果表明，服用GLP可以防止CRC小鼠的结肠缩短，并降低其死亡率的30％。GLP是否消耗显著减少的相对丰度的盲肠（RA）Oscillospira这是首次在CRC小鼠中观察到在高RA，与未知属沿着Desulfovibrionaceae，并下调了7个与脂肪细胞中脂解作用减少有关的基因。据报道，包括Acaa1b，Fabp4，Mgll和Scd1在内的7个基因中有四个与癌症有关。结果表明，特定细菌的减少和GLPs调控的癌症相关基因均与CRC的减轻有关，它们之间的关系值得进一步探讨。