Adult height is determined by both genetic characteristics and environmental factors in early life. Although previous studies have suggested that adult height is associated with risk of mortality, comprehensive associations between height and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the Japanese population are unclear. We aimed to evaluate the associations between adult height and all-cause and cause-specific mortality among Japanese men and women in a prospective cohort study. We investigated 107,794 participants (50,755 men and 57,039 women) aged 40 to 69 years who responded to the baseline questionnaire in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. Participants were classified by quartile of adult height obtained from a self-reported questionnaire in men (<160cm, 160-163cm, 164-167cm, ≥168cm) and women (<149cm, 149-151cm, 152-155cm, ≥156cm). Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for mortality from all-cause, cancer, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease, and other cause mortality were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models. During follow-up, 12,320 men and 7,030 women died. Taller adult height was associated with decreased risk for mortality from cerebrovascular disease (HR _{<160cm vs. ≥168cm} (95% CI) = 0.83 (0.69–0.99); HR _{for 5-cm increment} (95% CI) = 0.95 (0.90–0.99)) and respiratory disease (HR _{<160cm vs. ≥168cm} (95% CI) = 0.84 (0.69–1.03); HR _{for 5-cm increment} (95% CI) = 0.92 (0.87–0.97)), but was also associated with increased risk for overall cancer mortality (HR _{<160cm vs. ≥168cm} (95% CI) = 1.17 (1.07–1.28); HR _{for 5-cm increment} (95% CI) = 1.04 (1.01–1.07)) in men. Taller adult height was also associated with decreased risk for mortality from cerebrovascular disease (HR _{<149cm vs. ≥156cm} (95% CI) = 0.84 (0.66–1.05); HR _{for 5-cm increment} (95% CI) = 0.92 (0.86–0.99)) in women. Our results confirmed that adult height is associated with cause-specific mortality in a Japanese population.

成年身高是由早期的遗传特征和环境因素共同决定的。尽管先前的研究表明成人身高与死亡风险有关，但日本人群中身高与全因和特定原因死亡率之间的全面关联尚不清楚。在一项前瞻性队列研究中，我们旨在评估日本男性和女性的成年人身高与所有原因和特定原因死亡率之间的关联。我们调查了40到69岁的107,794名参与者（50,755名男性和57,039名女性），他们对基于日本公共卫生中心的前瞻性研究中的基线调查表做出了回应。根据自我报告的成人身高四分位数对参与者进行分类，男性（<160cm，160-163cm，164-167cm，≥168cm）和女性（<149cm，149-151cm，152-155厘米，≥156厘米）。使用Cox比例风险模型计算了全因，癌症，心脏病，脑血管疾病，呼吸道疾病和其他原因引起的死亡率的危险比（HR）和95％置信区间（CI）。在随访期间，有12,320名男性和7,030名女性死亡。成人身高较高与脑血管疾病（HR）致死风险降低有关_{<160cm与≥168cm}（95％CI）= 0.83（0.69-0.99）；HR_{升高5厘米}（95％CI）= 0.95（0.90–0.99））和呼吸系统疾病（HR _{<160cmvs.≥168cm}（95％CI）= 0.84（0.69-1.03）; HR _{5 cm升高}（ 95％CI）= 0.92（0.87–0.97）），但也与总体癌症死亡风险增加相关（HR _{<160cm vs.≥168cm}（95％CI）= 1.17（1.07-1.28）； HR _{5 cm增量}（95％CI）= 1.04（1.01-1.07））在人。成人较高的身高还与脑血管疾病的死亡风险降低相关（HR _{<149cm vs.≥156cm}（95％CI）= 0.84（0.66-1.05）； HR_{升高5 cm}女性（95％CI）= 0.92（0.86-0.99）。我们的结果证实，在日本人口中，成年人身高与特定原因的死亡率有关。