A highly transparent electrochromic capacitive (ECC) window was explored by combining a high contrast electrochromic polymer (ECP) and a transparent capacitive polymer. A blue and a red color ECP, poly(3,3-bis(bromomethyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxepine) (PR-Br) and poly(3,4-di(2-ethylhexyloxy)thiophene-co-3,4-di(methoxy)thiophene) (Th-OR), respectively, were introduced into an ECC window having a thin polyaniline (PANI) film as a capacitive layer. The as prepared ECC window showed high transparency (>72% for PR-Br), large color contrast, and long capacitive stability over 10 000 cycles, by combining non-aqueous acidic electrolyte and precise control of each electrode's working potential using in situ potential matching. Upon introducing a dielectric poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) layer, the blue ECC window made of PR-Br and PANI showed bistable ECC properties, along with a high energy density of 9.7 and 13.5 W h kg⁻¹ with a power density of 75.3 and 58.8 kW kg⁻¹, respectively, for bleaching and coloring. The red ECC window made of Th-OR and PANI also showed a high energy density (10.5 W h kg⁻¹). The energy stored in an ECC window could be transferred to another device, like a battery, to switch the color or to light a LED when the ECC window is connected in series. Thus the ECC window in this study functions as a color switching smart window and a rechargeable battery, to provide a new path to achieve energy saving EC windows with multi-color tunability. The working principle of these ECC windows can be widely applied in various electrochemical devices for multiple functions in one device.

中文翻译：

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基于双功能智能窗的所有共轭聚合物的电致变色电容窗†

通过将高对比度电致变色聚合物（ECP）和透明电容性聚合物结合使用，探索出了高度透明的电致变色电容（ECC）窗口。蓝色和红色ECP，聚（3,3-双（溴甲基）-3,4-二氢-2 H-噻吩并[3,4- b ] [1,4]二氧杂环丁烷）（PR-Br）和聚（3,4-二（2-乙基己氧基）噻吩共-3,4-二（甲氧基）噻吩）（TH-OR），分别引入到ECC窗口具有薄的聚苯胺（PANI）膜作为电容层。通过结合使用非水酸性电解液和使用原位精确控制每个电极的工作电位，所制备的ECC窗口在1万次循环中显示出高透明度（对于PR-Br> 72％），大的色彩对比度和长的电容稳定性。潜在的匹配。引入介电聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）（PMMA）层后，由PR-Br和PANI制成的蓝色ECC窗口显示出双稳态ECC特性，并具有9.7和13.5 W h kg ^-1的高能量密度以及75.3的功率密度和分别用于漂白和着色的58.8 kW kg ^-1。由Th-OR和PANI制成的红色ECC窗口也显示出高能量密度（10.5 W h kg ^-1）。当ECC窗口串联连接时，存储在ECC窗口中的能量可以转移到另一个设备（例如电池）以切换颜色或点亮LED。因此，本研究中的ECC窗口用作颜色切换智能窗口和可充电电池，为实现具有多色可调性的节能EC窗口提供了一条新途径。这些ECC窗口的工作原理可广泛应用于各种电化学设备中，以在一个设备中实现多种功能。