Two-dimensional (2D) materials have generated great interest in the past few years opening up a new dimension in the development of optoelectronics and photonics. In this paper, we demonstrate 6.5 GHz fundamentally Q-switched mode-locked lasers with high performances in the femtosecond laser-written waveguide platform by applying graphene, MoS₂ and Bi₂Se₃ as saturable absorbers (SAs). The minimum mode-locked pulse duration was measured to be as short as 26 ps in the case of Bi₂Se₃ SA. The maximum slope efficiency reached 53% in the case of MoS₂ SA. This is the first demonstration of Q-switched mode-locked waveguide lasers based on MoS₂ and Bi₂Se₃ in the waveguide platform. These high-performance Q-switched mode-locked waveguide lasers based on 2D materials pave the way for practical applications of compact ultrafast photonics.

中文翻译：

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基于二维材料作为可饱和吸收体的6.5 GHz调Q锁模波导激光器

在过去的几年中，二维（2D）材料引起了人们极大的兴趣，为光电子学和光子学的发展开辟了一个新的领域。在本文中，我们通过应用石墨烯，MoS ₂和Bi ₂ Se ₃作为可饱和吸收剂（SAs），在飞秒激光写入波导平台中演示了具有高性能的6.5 GHz基本Q开关锁模激光器。在Bi ₂ Se ₃ SA的情况下，最小锁模脉冲持续时间被测量为短至26 ps 。在MoS ₂ SA的情况下，最大斜率效率达到53％。这是基于MoS ₂和Bi ₂的Q开关锁模波导激光器的首次演示Se ₃在波导平台中。这些基于2D材料的高性能Q开关锁模波导激光器为紧凑型超快光子学的实际应用铺平了道路。