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Silicon Decreases Dimethylarsinic Acid Concentration in Rice Grain and Mitigates Straighthead Disorder
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-04-09 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00300 Matthew Alan Limmer 1 , Patrick Wise 1 , Gretchen E. Dykes 1 , Angelia L. Seyfferth 1
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-04-09 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00300 Matthew Alan Limmer 1 , Patrick Wise 1 , Gretchen E. Dykes 1 , Angelia L. Seyfferth 1
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While root Si transporters play a role in the uptake of arsenite and organic As species dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) in rice (Oryza sativa L.), the impact of Si addition on the accumulation of DMA and MMA in reproductive tissues has not been directly evaluated, particularly in isolation from inorganic As species. Furthermore, DMA and MMA are suspected causal agents of straighthead disorder. We performed a hydroponic study to disentangle the impact of Si on accumulation of DMA and MMA in rice grain. At 5 μM, MMA was toxic to rice, regardless of Si addition, although Si significantly decreased root MMA concentrations. Plants dosed with 5 μM DMA grew well vegetatively but exhibited straighthead disorder at the lowest Si dose, and this DMA-induced yield loss reversed with increasing solution Si. Increasing Si also significantly decreased DMA concentrations in roots, straw, husk, and grain, particularly in mature plants. Si restricted grain DMA through competition for root uptake and downregulation of root Si transporters particularly at later stages of growth when Si uptake was greatest. Our finding that DMA causes straighthead disorder under low Si availability but not under high Si availability suggests Si as a straighthead management strategy.
中文翻译：
硅降低稻谷中二甲基砷酸的浓度并减轻直纹障碍
根Si转运蛋白在水稻（Oryza sativa）中对砷和有机砷物种二甲基ar酸（DMA）和一甲基methyl酸（MMA）的吸收中起着作用L.），尚未直接评估添加硅对生殖组织中DMA和MMA积累的影响，特别是从无机砷物种中分离时。此外，DMA和MMA被怀疑是直性脑病的病因。我们进行了水培研究，以弄清硅对水稻籽粒中DMA和MMA积累的影响。尽管Si显着降低了根部MMA的浓度，但在5μM的条件下，MMA仍对大米有毒，无论是否添加了Si。施用5μMDMA的植物营养生长良好，但在最低Si剂量下表现出直头杂乱，并且这种DMA诱导的产量损失随溶液Si的增加而逆转。硅含量的增加还显着降低了根，稻草，稻壳和谷物中的DMA浓度，特别是在成熟植物中。硅通过竞争根吸收和根下硅转运蛋白的下调来限制谷物的DMA，尤其是在硅吸收量最大的生长后期。我们的发现发现，DMA在低Si利用率下会导致直头混乱，但在高Si利用率下不会引起直头混乱，这表明Si是一种直接管理策略。
更新日期：2018-04-09
中文翻译：
硅降低稻谷中二甲基砷酸的浓度并减轻直纹障碍
根Si转运蛋白在水稻（Oryza sativa）中对砷和有机砷物种二甲基ar酸（DMA）和一甲基methyl酸（MMA）的吸收中起着作用L.），尚未直接评估添加硅对生殖组织中DMA和MMA积累的影响，特别是从无机砷物种中分离时。此外，DMA和MMA被怀疑是直性脑病的病因。我们进行了水培研究，以弄清硅对水稻籽粒中DMA和MMA积累的影响。尽管Si显着降低了根部MMA的浓度，但在5μM的条件下，MMA仍对大米有毒，无论是否添加了Si。施用5μMDMA的植物营养生长良好，但在最低Si剂量下表现出直头杂乱，并且这种DMA诱导的产量损失随溶液Si的增加而逆转。硅含量的增加还显着降低了根，稻草，稻壳和谷物中的DMA浓度，特别是在成熟植物中。硅通过竞争根吸收和根下硅转运蛋白的下调来限制谷物的DMA，尤其是在硅吸收量最大的生长后期。我们的发现发现，DMA在低Si利用率下会导致直头混乱，但在高Si利用率下不会引起直头混乱，这表明Si是一种直接管理策略。
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