A ternary micro-electrolysis system composed of a granular activated carbon (GAC) supported Fe⁰ and Cu⁰ nanocomposite (GAC-Fe-Cu) was synthesized for the removal of p-chloronitrobenzene (p-CNB). GAC-Fe-Cu exhibited excellent reusability and stability based on the stably anchored nanoparticles and the inner tailored Fe⁰ with persistent activity. A two-stage reaction revealed the simultaneous adsorption and degradation in the process of p-CNB removal, and the iron corrosion reaction mainly dominated the latter. A stepwise reduction of p-CNB was observed, where the main intermediates, such as p-chloroaniline (p-CAN) and aniline (AN), were formed in sequence. Furthermore, the mechanism of p-CNB removal could be explained by the synergistic effects of GAC-Fe-Cu. p-CNB could be rapidly adsorbed onto the surface of the system for in situ reduction. The conductive GAC cathode pre-accepted the released electrons from the Fe⁰ anode, and transferred them to the Cu⁰ cathode. Then, the electron-rich Cu⁰ cathode could intensively release electrons to form the “point discharge” phenomenon, which possessed strong reducing power to dramatically increase the hydrodechlorination rate of p-CAN. Additionally, the -C-OH and -COOH on the GAC surface could absorb p-CAN through electrostatic interactions with the amine group (-NH₂), facilitating the selectivity of p-CAN dechlorination.

合成了由颗粒状活性炭（GAC）负载的Fe ⁰和Cu ⁰纳米复合材料（GAC-Fe-Cu）组成的三元微电解系统，用于去除对氯硝基苯（p-CNB）。GAC-Fe-Cu基于稳定的纳米颗粒和内部定制的Fe ⁰表现出优异的可重复使用性和稳定性持续的活动。两步反应表明，在去除p-CNB的过程中同时发生吸附和降解，而铁腐蚀反应则主要是后者。观察到p-CNB的逐步减少，其中依次形成了主要中间体，例如对氯苯胺（p-CAN）和苯胺（AN）。此外，可以通过GAC-Fe-Cu的协同作用来解释p-CNB的去除机理。p-CNB可以迅速吸附到系统表面进行原位还原。导电的GAC阴极预先接受从Fe ⁰阳极释放的电子，并将其转移到Cu ⁰阴极。然后，富电子的Cu ⁰阴极可以强烈释放电子以形成“点放电”现象，该现象具有很强的还原能力，可以大大提高p-CAN的加氢脱氯速率。此外，GAC表面的-C-OH和-COOH可以通过与胺基（-NH ₂）的静电相互作用吸收p-CAN ，从而促进p-CAN脱氯的选择性。