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A negative feedback mechanism links UBC gene expression to ubiquitin levels by affecting RNA splicing rather than transcription.
Scientific Reports ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-06 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54973-7
Marzia Bianchi 1 , Rita Crinelli 1 , Elisa Giacomini 1 , Elisa Carloni 1 , Lucia Radici 1 , Emanuele-Salvatore Scarpa 1 , Filippo Tasini 1 , Mauro Magnani 1
Affiliation  

UBC gene plays a critical role in maintaining ubiquitin (Ub) homeostasis. It is upregulated under stress conditions, and herein we report that it is downregulated upon Ub overexpression. Downregulation occurs in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the existence of a fine-tuned Ub sensing mechanism. This "sensor" requires a conjugation competent ubiquitin to detect Ub levels. Searching the sensor among the transcription factors involved in basal and stress-induced UBC gene expression was unsuccessful. Neither HSF1 and HSF2, nor Sp1 and YY1 are affected by the increased Ub levels. Moreover, mutagenesis of their binding sites in the UBC promoter-driven reporter constructs does not impair the downmodulation effect. Epigenetic studies show that H2A and H2B ubiquitination within the UBC promoter region is unchanged upon ubiquitin overexpression. Noteworthy, quantification of nascent RNA molecules excludes that the downmodulation arises in the transcription initiation step, rather pointing towards a post-transcriptional mechanism. Indeed, a significantly higher fraction of unspliced UBC mRNA is detected in ubiquitin overexpressing cells, compared to empty vector transfected cells. Our findings suggest how increasing cellular ubiquitin levels may control the expression of UBC gene by negatively affecting the splicing of its pre-mRNA, providing a straightforward feedback strategy for the homeostatic control of ubiquitin pools.

中文翻译:

负反馈机制通过影响RNA剪接而不是转录,将UBC基因表达与泛素水平联系起来。

UBC基因在维持泛素(Ub)稳态中起着关键作用。它在压力条件下被上调,在此我们报道在Ub过表达时它被下调。下调以剂量依赖性方式发生,表明存在微调的Ub感应机制。该“传感器”需要缀合感受态遍在蛋白来检测Ub水平。在涉及基础和应激诱导的UBC基因表达的转录因子中搜索传感器失败。Ub含量增加对HSF1和HSF2以及Sp1和YY1都没有影响。而且,在UBC启动子驱动的报道基因构建体中其结合位点的诱变不会损害下调作用。表观遗传学研究表明,UBC启动子区域内的H2A和H2B泛素化在泛素过表达后不变。值得注意的是,新生RNA分子的定量排除了在转录起始步骤中发生下调,而是指向转录后机制。实际上,与空载体转染的细胞相比,在泛素过表达的细胞中检测到未剪接的UBC mRNA明显更高的比例。我们的发现表明,细胞泛素水平的升高如何通过负面影响其pre-mRNA的剪接来控制UBC基因的表达,从而为泛素池的稳态控制提供了直接的反馈策略。而是指向转录后机制。实际上,与空载体转染的细胞相比,在泛素过表达的细胞中检测到未剪接的UBC mRNA明显更高的比例。我们的研究结果表明,增加细胞泛素水平如何通过负面影响其pre-mRNA的剪接来控制UBC基因的表达,为泛素池的稳态控制提供了直接的反馈策略。而是指向转录后机制。实际上,与空载体转染的细胞相比,在泛素过表达的细胞中检测到明显更高比例的未剪接的UBC mRNA。我们的发现表明,细胞泛素水平的升高如何通过负面影响其pre-mRNA的剪接来控制UBC基因的表达,从而为泛素池的稳态控制提供了直接的反馈策略。
更新日期:2019-12-06
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