Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics.,Light: Science & Applications

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Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics.
Light: Science & Applications ( IF 20.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-05 , DOI: 10.1038/s41377-019-0222-2
Gianluca Ruffato _{1,

2} , Michele Massari _{2,

3} , Filippo Romanato _{1,

2,

3}

Affiliation

We present a method to efficiently multiply or divide the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light beams using a sequence of two optical elements. The key element is represented by an optical transformation mapping the azimuthal phase gradient of the input OAM beam onto a circular sector. By combining multiple circular-sector transformations into a single optical element, it is possible to multiply the value of the input OAM state by splitting and mapping the phase onto complementary circular sectors. Conversely, by combining multiple inverse transformations, the division of the initial OAM value is achievable by mapping distinct complementary circular sectors of the input beam into an equal number of circular phase gradients. Optical elements have been fabricated in the form of phase-only diffractive optics with high-resolution electron-beam lithography. Optical tests confirm the capability of the multiplier optics to perform integer multiplication of the input OAM, whereas the designed dividers are demonstrated to correctly split up the input beam into a complementary set of OAM beams. These elements can find applications for the multiplicative generation of higher-order OAM modes, optical information processing based on OAM beam transmission, and optical routing/switching in telecom.

中文翻译：

用衍射变换光学元件对光的轨道角动量进行乘法和除法。

我们提出了一种使用两个光学元件序列来有效地倍增或划分光束的轨道角动量（OAM）的方法。关键元素由将输入OAM光束的方位角相位梯度映射到圆形扇区上的光学变换表示。通过将多个圆形扇区变换组合到单个光学元件中，可以通过将相位分裂并映射到互补的圆形扇区来倍增输入OAM状态的值。相反，通过组合多个逆变换，可以通过将输入光束的不同互补圆形扇区映射为相等数量的圆形相位梯度来实现对初始OAM值的划分。光学元件已经以具有高分辨率电子束光刻的仅相位衍射光学器件的形式制造。光学测试证实了倍增光学器件对输入OAM进行整数乘法的能力，而设计的分频器已被证明可以正确地将输入光束分成一组互补的OAM光束。这些元素可以找到用于高阶OAM模式的乘法生成，基于OAM光束传输的光信息处理以及电信中的光路由/交换的应用。

更新日期：2019-12-05

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