Occurrence and distribution of lipophilic phycotoxins in a subtropical bay of the South China Sea,Chemosphere

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Occurrence and distribution of lipophilic phycotoxins in a subtropical bay of the South China Sea
Chemosphere ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-14 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125352
Yang Liu ₁ , Peng Zhang ₂ , Sen Du ₂ , Zhuoru Lin ₃ , Yanyan Zhou ₁ , Lizhao Chen ₁ , Rencheng Yu ₄ , Li Zhang ₁

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Lipophilic phycotoxins (LPs) pose significant threats to the health of marine mammals, birds, and human beings. The distribution and components of lipophilic phycotoxins contamination in subtropical area in the South China Sea are rarely known. This study systematically assessed the composition, concentration, and distribution of typical LPs in a typical subtropical bay, Daya Bay located in the South China Sea. Phytoplankton, seawater, suspended particulate matter, sediments, and shellfish samples were simultaneously collected from Daya Bay, and analyzed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Okadaic acid, dinophysistoxins-1, pectenotoxins-2, yessotoxin and its derivate homo-yessotoxin, azaspiracid-2, 13-desmethyl spirolide C and gymnodimine were widely spread in multiple media in Daya Bay. Pectenotoxins-2 was the most widely distributed and highly concentrated toxin in the marine environments of Daya Bay. Toxin homo-yessotoxin was only detected in sediments and shellfish samples, and none of yessotoxin group components were found in phytoplankton and seawater, indicating that sediments were the major source of yessotoxin in shellfish. The study strongly demonstrated the lipophilic phycotoxins accumulated in shellfish are multisource, not only derived from toxigenic algae, but also from other marine media containing lipophilic phycotoxins. This study systematically distinguished multi-pathways of bioaccumulation of LPs in the marine shellfish.

中文翻译：

亲脂性藻毒素在南海亚热带海湾的出现和分布

亲脂性藻类毒素（LP）对海洋哺乳动物、鸟类和人类的健康构成重大威胁。南海亚热带地区亲脂性藻类毒素污染的分布和成分鲜为人知。本研究系统评估了位于南海的典型亚热带海湾大亚湾中典型 LP 的组成、浓度和分布。同时从大亚湾收集浮游植物、海水、悬浮颗粒物、沉积物和贝类样品，并使用液相色谱和串联质谱法进行分析。冈田酸、甲藻毒素-1、果胶毒素-2、yessotoxin及其衍生物homo-yessotoxin、氮杂螺酸-2、13-去甲基螺藻C和裸子二胺在大亚湾多元媒体上广泛传播。果胶毒素-2 是大亚湾海洋环境中分布最广、浓度最高的毒素。毒素 homo-yessotoxin 仅在沉积物和贝类样本中检测到，在浮游植物和海水中未发现任何 yessotoxin 组成分，表明沉积物是贝类中 yessotoxin 的主要来源。该研究有力地表明，贝类中积累的亲脂性藻类毒素是多来源的，不仅来自产毒藻类，还来自其他含有亲脂性藻类毒素的海洋介质。本研究系统区分了海洋贝类中 LPs 生物积累的多种途径。

更新日期：2019-11-14

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