Chemotaxis as a navigation strategy to boost range expansion,Nature

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Chemotaxis as a navigation strategy to boost range expansion
Nature ( IF 50.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-06 , DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1733-y
Jonas Cremer _{1,

2} , Tomoya Honda _{3,

4} , Ying Tang ₁ , Jerome Wong-Ng ₁ , Massimo Vergassola ₁ , Terence Hwa _{1,

3}

Affiliation

Bacterial chemotaxis, the directed movement of cells along gradients of chemoattractants, is among the best-characterized subjects in molecular biology1–10, but much less is known about its physiological roles11. It is commonly seen as a starvation response when nutrients run out, or as an escape response from harmful situations12–16. Here we identify an alternative role of chemotaxis by systematically examining the spatiotemporal dynamics of Escherichia coli in soft agar12,17,18. Chemotaxis in nutrient-replete conditions promotes the expansion of bacterial populations into unoccupied territories well before nutrients run out in the current environment. Low levels of chemoattractants act as aroma-like cues in this process, establishing the direction and enhancing the speed of population movement along the self-generated attractant gradients. This process of navigated range expansion spreads faster and yields larger population gains than unguided expansion following the canonical Fisher–Kolmogorov dynamics19,20 and is therefore a general strategy to promote population growth in spatially extended, nutrient-replete environments.Pioneering bacterial cells use chemotaxis along self-generated attractant gradients to facilitate rapid colonization of nutrient-replete environments.

中文翻译：

趋化性作为一种导航策略，以促进范围扩展

细菌趋化性，即细胞沿化学引诱物梯度的定向运动，是分子生物学中表征最好的学科之一 1-10，但对其生理作用知之甚少 11。它通常被视为营养耗尽时的饥饿反应，或被视为逃避有害情况的反应 12-16。在这里，我们通过系统地检查大肠杆菌在软琼脂中的时空动态来确定趋化性的替代作用12,17,18。在当前环境中养分耗尽之前，营养充足条件下的趋化性促进细菌种群扩展到无人居住的区域。低水平的化学引诱剂在此过程中充当类似香气的线索，确定方向并提高种群沿自生引诱剂梯度移动的速度。

更新日期：2019-11-06

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