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Long solids retention times and attached growth phase favor prevalence of comammox bacteria in nitrogen removal systems.
Water Research ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115268 Irmarie Cotto 1 , Zihan Dai 2 , Linxuan Huo 1 , Christopher L Anderson 1 , Katherine J Vilardi 1 , Umer Ijaz 2 , Wendell Khunjar 3 , Christopher Wilson 4 , Haydee De Clippeleir 5 , Kevin Gilmore 6 , Erika Bailey 7 , Ameet J Pinto 1
Water Research ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115268 Irmarie Cotto 1 , Zihan Dai 2 , Linxuan Huo 1 , Christopher L Anderson 1 , Katherine J Vilardi 1 , Umer Ijaz 2 , Wendell Khunjar 3 , Christopher Wilson 4 , Haydee De Clippeleir 5 , Kevin Gilmore 6 , Erika Bailey 7 , Ameet J Pinto 1
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The discovery of the complete ammonia oxidizing (comammox) bacteria overturns the traditional two-organism nitrification paradigm which largely underpins the design and operation of nitrogen removal during wastewater treatment. Quantifying the abundance, diversity, and activity of comammox bacteria in wastewater treatment systems is important for ensuring a clear understanding of the nitrogen biotransformations responsible for ammonia removal. To this end, we conducted a yearlong survey of 14 full-scale nitrogen removal systems including mainstream conventional and simultaneous nitrification-denitrification and side-stream partial nitrification-anammox systems with varying process configurations. Metagenomics and genome-resolved metagenomics identified comammox bacteria in mainstream conventional and simultaneous nitrification-denitrification systems, with no evidence for their presence in side-stream partial nitrification-anammox systems. Further, comammox bacterial diversity was restricted to clade A and these clade A comammox bacteria were detected in systems with long solids retention times (>10 days) and/or in the attached growth phase. Using a newly designed qPCR assay targeting the amoB gene of clade A comammox bacteria in combination with quantitation of other canonical nitrifiers, we show that long solids retention time is the key process parameter associated with the prevalence and abundance of comammox bacteria. The increase in comammox bacterial abundance was not associated with concomitant decrease in the abundance of canonical nitrifiers; however, systems with comammox bacteria showed significantly better and temporally stable ammonia removal compared to systems where they were not detected. Finally, in contrast to recent studies, we do not find any significant association of comammox bacterial prevalence and abundance with dissolved oxygen concentrations in this study.
中文翻译：
较长的固形物保留时间和附着的生长期有利于除氮系统中逗号菌的流行。
完全氨氧化（comammox）细菌的发现推翻了传统的两种生物硝化范式，这在很大程度上支持了废水处理过程中脱氮的设计和操作。量化废水处理系统中昏迷细菌的丰度，多样性和活性对于确保清楚地了解负责除氨的氮生物转化非常重要。为此，我们对14个大型脱氮系统进行了为期一年的调查，其中包括具有不同工艺配置的主流常规和同时硝化-反硝化和侧流部分硝化-厌氧氨氧化系统。元基因组学和基因组分解的宏基因组学在主流常规和同时硝化-反硝化系统中鉴定了昏迷细菌，没有证据表明它们存在于侧流部分硝化-厌氧氨化系统中。此外，comammox细菌的多样性仅限于进化枝A，并且这些clad comammox细菌在具有长固相保留时间（> 10天）和/或附着的生长期的系统中被检测到。使用针对进化枝A comammox细菌的amoB基因设计的新设计的qPCR分析方法，结合其他经典硝化剂的定量分析，我们证明了较长的固体保留时间是与comammox细菌的流行和丰富相关的关键工艺参数。comammox细菌丰度的增加与规范硝化器丰度的降低并没有相关性。但是，与未检测到系统的系统相比，具有昏迷细菌的系统显示出明显更好且暂时稳定的氨去除效果。最后，与最近的研究相比，在这项研究中，我们没有发现昏迷细菌的患病率和丰度与溶解氧浓度之间存在显着关联。
更新日期：2019-11-04
中文翻译：
较长的固形物保留时间和附着的生长期有利于除氮系统中逗号菌的流行。
完全氨氧化（comammox）细菌的发现推翻了传统的两种生物硝化范式，这在很大程度上支持了废水处理过程中脱氮的设计和操作。量化废水处理系统中昏迷细菌的丰度，多样性和活性对于确保清楚地了解负责除氨的氮生物转化非常重要。为此，我们对14个大型脱氮系统进行了为期一年的调查，其中包括具有不同工艺配置的主流常规和同时硝化-反硝化和侧流部分硝化-厌氧氨氧化系统。元基因组学和基因组分解的宏基因组学在主流常规和同时硝化-反硝化系统中鉴定了昏迷细菌，没有证据表明它们存在于侧流部分硝化-厌氧氨化系统中。此外，comammox细菌的多样性仅限于进化枝A，并且这些clad comammox细菌在具有长固相保留时间（> 10天）和/或附着的生长期的系统中被检测到。使用针对进化枝A comammox细菌的amoB基因设计的新设计的qPCR分析方法，结合其他经典硝化剂的定量分析，我们证明了较长的固体保留时间是与comammox细菌的流行和丰富相关的关键工艺参数。comammox细菌丰度的增加与规范硝化器丰度的降低并没有相关性。但是，与未检测到系统的系统相比，具有昏迷细菌的系统显示出明显更好且暂时稳定的氨去除效果。最后，与最近的研究相比，在这项研究中，我们没有发现昏迷细菌的患病率和丰度与溶解氧浓度之间存在显着关联。
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