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Environmental risk assessment of triazine herbicides in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea and their toxicity to phytoplankton at environmental concentrations.
Environment International ( IF 10.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105175 Liqiang Yang 1 , Hongmei Li 1 , Yongyu Zhang 2 , Nianzhi Jiao 3
Environment International ( IF 10.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105175 Liqiang Yang 1 , Hongmei Li 1 , Yongyu Zhang 2 , Nianzhi Jiao 3
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Herbicides have been increasingly used worldwide and a large amount of herbicide residue eventually enters the ocean via groundwater or surface run-off every year. However, the global coastal pollution status of herbicides and their negative impact on marine life (especially phytoplankton) in natural environmental concentrations are poorly understood except for few special environments (e.g. the Great Barrier Reef, Australia). Our field investigation of the distribution of ten triazine herbicides in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea of China revealed that the concentrations of triazine herbicides exceeded the "No Observed Effect Concentrations" for phytoplankton. Their total concentrations could be as high as 6.61 nmol L-1. Based on the concentration addition model, the toxicity of herbicide homologues is usually cumulative, and the combined toxicity of these ten triazine herbicides could cause 13.2% inhibition on the chlorophyll a fluorescence intensity of a representative diatom species Phaeodactylum tricornutum Pt-1, which corresponds roughly to the toxicity of atrazine in an equivalent concentration of 14.08 nmol L-1. Atrazine in this equivalent-effect concentration could greatly inhibit the growth of cells, the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), and nutrient absorption of Phaeodactylum tricornutum Pt-1. Transcriptome analysis revealed that multiple metabolic pathways (Calvin cycle, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, etc.) related with photosynthesis and carbon metabolism were greatly disturbed, which might ultimately influence the primary productivity of coastal waters. Moreover, with the values of its bioaccumulation factor ranging from 69.6 to 118.9, atrazine was found to be accumulated in algal cells, which indicates that herbicide pollution might eventually affect the marine food web and even threaten the seafood safety of human beings.
中文翻译：
环渤海和黄海中三嗪类除草剂的环境风险评估及其在环境浓度下对浮游植物的毒性。
除草剂已在世界范围内得到越来越多的使用，并且每年每年都有大量除草剂残留物通过地下水或地表径流进入海洋。但是，除少数特殊环境（例如澳大利亚大堡礁）外，人们对除草剂的全球沿海污染状况及其对海洋生物（特别是浮游植物）的负面影响知之甚少。我们对十种三嗪类除草剂在渤海和黄海的分布进行的现场调查显示，三嗪类除草剂的浓度超过了浮游植物的“无可观察到的浓度”。它们的总浓度可能高达6.61 nmol L-1。根据浓度添加模型，除草剂同系物的毒性通常是累积的，这十种三嗪除草剂的综合毒性可能导致代表性硅藻物种Phaeodactylum tricornutum Pt-1的叶绿素荧光强度受到13.2％的抑制，这相当于当量浓度为14.08 nmol L-1时阿特拉津的毒性。r去津在这种等效作用浓度下可以极大地抑制细胞的生长，光系统II的最大量子效率（Fv / Fm）以及Tricornodactylum tricornutum Pt-1的营养吸收。转录组分析显示，与光合作用和碳代谢有关的多个代谢途径（卡尔文循环，三羧酸（TCA）循环，糖酵解/糖异生等）受到极大干扰，这可能最终影响沿海水域的初级生产力。而且，
更新日期：2019-10-16
中文翻译：
环渤海和黄海中三嗪类除草剂的环境风险评估及其在环境浓度下对浮游植物的毒性。
除草剂已在世界范围内得到越来越多的使用，并且每年每年都有大量除草剂残留物通过地下水或地表径流进入海洋。但是，除少数特殊环境（例如澳大利亚大堡礁）外，人们对除草剂的全球沿海污染状况及其对海洋生物（特别是浮游植物）的负面影响知之甚少。我们对十种三嗪类除草剂在渤海和黄海的分布进行的现场调查显示，三嗪类除草剂的浓度超过了浮游植物的“无可观察到的浓度”。它们的总浓度可能高达6.61 nmol L-1。根据浓度添加模型，除草剂同系物的毒性通常是累积的，这十种三嗪除草剂的综合毒性可能导致代表性硅藻物种Phaeodactylum tricornutum Pt-1的叶绿素荧光强度受到13.2％的抑制，这相当于当量浓度为14.08 nmol L-1时阿特拉津的毒性。r去津在这种等效作用浓度下可以极大地抑制细胞的生长，光系统II的最大量子效率（Fv / Fm）以及Tricornodactylum tricornutum Pt-1的营养吸收。转录组分析显示，与光合作用和碳代谢有关的多个代谢途径（卡尔文循环，三羧酸（TCA）循环，糖酵解/糖异生等）受到极大干扰，这可能最终影响沿海水域的初级生产力。而且，
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