Adsorbed Sulfamethoxazole Exacerbates the Effects of Polystyrene (∼2 μm) on Gut Microbiota and the Antibiotic Resistome of a Soil Collembolan,Environmental Science & Technology

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Adsorbed Sulfamethoxazole Exacerbates the Effects of Polystyrene (∼2 μm) on Gut Microbiota and the Antibiotic Resistome of a Soil Collembolan
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-17 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b04795
Qian Xiang _{1,

2} , Dong Zhu _{1,

2,

3} , Qing-Lin Chen ₃ , Patrick O’Connor ₄ , Xiao-Ru Yang ₃ , Min Qiao _{1,

2} , Yong-Guan Zhu _{1,

3}

Affiliation

Microplastics pollution in the environment is now receiving worldwide attention; however, the effects of copollution of antibiotics and microplastics on the gut microbiome of globally distributed and functionally important nontarget soil animals remain poorly understood. We studied a model collembolan (Folsomia candida) and found that the ingestion of microplastics (polystyrene, 2–2.9 μm) substantially altered the gut microbiome, antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) profile, and the isotopic fractionation in the soil collembolan tissue. Importantly, collembolans exposed to polystyrene microplastics loaded with sulfamethoxazole (MA) presented a distinctive gut microbiome, ARG profile, and isotopic fractionation compared to those exposed to polystyrene alone (MH). We observed that the abundance of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in the MA-treated collembolan guts was significantly higher than in the MH and the control treatments. There were also strong interactions between the gut microbiome and ARGs in the collembolan guts. We further found that bacterial β-diversity correlated significantly with the δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values in collembolan body tissues. Together, our results indicate that changes in isotopic fractionation and ARG profiles in the collembolan were induced by the changes in gut microbiota and suggest that microplastics from diverse sources may have profound influences on soil fauna and soil food webs.

中文翻译：

吸附的磺胺甲基异恶唑加剧了聚苯乙烯（〜2μm）对肠道菌群和土壤Collembolan抗生素抗性的影响

环境中的微塑料污染现在正受到全世界的关注；然而，对抗生素和微塑料的共污染对全球分布的且功能重要的非目标土壤动物的肠道微生物组的影响仍然知之甚少。我们研究了一种模型collembolan（念珠菌Folsomia candida），发现摄入微塑料（聚苯乙烯，2-2.9μm）会显着改变肠道菌群，抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的分布以及土壤collembolan组织中的同位素分馏。重要的是，与单独暴露于聚苯乙烯（MH）的动物相比，暴露于载有磺胺甲基异恶唑（MA）的聚苯乙烯微塑料的胶原蛋白呈现出独特的肠道微生物组，ARG谱和同位素分馏。我们观察到，MA处理过的collembolan肠中ARG和移动遗传元件（MGE）的含量显着高于MH和对照组。collembolan肠道中的肠道微生物组和ARG之间也存在强烈的相互作用。我们还发现，细菌β多样性与δ显著相关¹³ C和δcollembolan人体组织中的¹⁵ N值。在一起，我们的结果表明，肠微生物群的变化引起了弹尾藻中同位素分馏和ARG谱的变化，并表明来自不同来源的微塑料可能对土壤动物和土壤食物网产生深远的影响。

更新日期：2019-10-17

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