通过将酶活性和测序分析与代谢组学相结合，对土壤微生物对多环芳烃胁迫的响应有了新见解。,Environmental Pollution

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通过将酶活性和测序分析与代谢组学相结合，对土壤微生物对多环芳烃胁迫的响应有了新见解。
Environmental Pollution ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113312
Xiaona Li ₁ , Changsheng Qu ₂ , Yongrong Bian ₃ , Chenggang Gu ₃ , Xin Jiang ₁ , Yang Song ₁

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多环芳烃（PAHs）是一些最普遍的有机污染物，对土壤微生物有剧毒。长期受污染的土壤是否仍能应对新鲜的污染物输入尚不清楚。在这项研究中，研究了土壤酶活性，土壤微生物群落结构和功能以及微生物代谢途径，以系统研究土壤微生物对新鲜PAH胁迫的响应。通过土壤脱氢酶和脲酶活性测定的微生物活性在微生物暴露于PAH胁迫时被抑制。此外，在PAH胁迫下，土壤微生物群落和功能发生了明显变化。多环芳烃胁迫降低了微生物的多样性和丰富性。根瘤菌，鞘氨醇，分枝杆菌，马西利亚，芽孢杆菌和假杆菌对PAH胁迫有显着影响，可以认为是农业土壤中PAH污染的重要指标。此外，预计对PAH应激作出反应的大多数微生物代谢功能均受到不利影响。最后，土壤代谢组学进一步揭示了与脂肪酸，碳水化合物和氨基酸相关的土壤代谢途径的特异性抑制。因此，土壤代谢组成发生了明显变化，反映了土壤代谢的变化。总而言之，将新鲜的污染物引入长期污染的土壤会抑制微生物的活动和新陈代谢，从而可能对整个土壤质量产生深远的影响。预计对PAH胁迫有反应的大多数微生物代谢功能均受到不利影响。最后，土壤代谢组学进一步揭示了与脂肪酸，碳水化合物和氨基酸相关的土壤代谢途径的特异性抑制。因此，土壤代谢组成发生了明显变化，反映了土壤代谢的变化。总而言之，将新鲜的污染物引入长期污染的土壤会抑制微生物的活动和新陈代谢，从而可能对整个土壤质量产生深远的影响。预计对PAH胁迫有反应的大多数微生物代谢功能均受到不利影响。最后，土壤代谢组学进一步揭示了与脂肪酸，碳水化合物和氨基酸相关的土壤代谢途径的特异性抑制。因此，土壤代谢组成发生了明显变化，反映了土壤代谢的变化。总而言之，将新鲜的污染物引入长期污染的土壤会抑制微生物的活动和新陈代谢，从而可能对整个土壤质量产生深远的影响。

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New insights into the responses of soil microorganisms to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon stress by combining enzyme activity and sequencing analysis with metabolomics.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), some of the most widespread organic contaminants, are highly toxic to soil microorganisms. Whether long-term polluted soils can still respond to the fresh input of pollutants is unknown. In this study, the soil enzyme activity, soil microbial community structure and function and microbial metabolism pathways were examined to systematically investigate the responses of soil microorganisms to fresh PAH stress. Microbial activity as determined by soil dehydrogenase and urease activity was inhibited upon microbe exposure to PAH stress. In addition, the soil microbial community and function were obviously shifted under PAH stress. Both microbial diversity and richness were decreased by PAH stress. Rhizobacter, Sphingobium, Mycobacterium, Massilia, Bacillus and Pseudarthrobacter were significantly affected by PAH stress and can be considered important indicators of PAH contamination in agricultural soils. Moreover, the majority of microbial metabolic function predicted to respond to PAH stress were affected adversely. Finally, soil metabolomics further revealed specific inhibition of soil metabolism pathways associated with fatty acids, carbohydrates and amino acids. Therefore, the soil metabolic composition distinctively changed, reflecting a change in the soil metabolism. In summary, fresh contaminant introduction into long-term polluted soils inhibited microbial activity and metabolism, which might profoundly affect the whole soil quality.

更新日期：2019-10-04

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