Amplification and Adaptation in the Ethylene Signaling Pathway,Small Methods

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Amplification and Adaptation in the Ethylene Signaling Pathway
Small Methods ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-01 , DOI: 10.1002/smtd.201900452
Beenish J. Azhar ₁ , Alveena Zulfiqar ₁ , Samina N. Shakeel ₁ , G. Eric Schaller ₂

Affiliation

Plants are exquisitely sensitive to the ethylene signal and also respond to a much wider range of ethylene concentrations than would seem possible based on the simple circuitry of its primary signal transduction pathway, suggesting the existence of mechanisms for amplification and adaptation to ethylene signals. Here, such regulatory systems are considered within the context of what is known about the plant ethylene signaling pathway as well as signaling by the animal G‐protein coupled receptors, and the bacterial methyl‐accepting chemotaxis proteins. Magnitude amplification and sensitivity amplification mechanisms are considered as strategies for amplification of the ethylene signal. Several families of negative feedback regulators that desensitize plants to ethylene and thereby facilitate the ethylene adaptation response of plants are described. These negative feedback regulators include the ethylene receptors themselves, the RTE1/GR family, and the ARGOS family, all of which function at the level of the ethylene receptors to desensitize plants to ethylene. These negative regulators also include the EBF family of F‐box proteins, which target the EIN3/EIL family of transcription factors for degradation. Ethylene signal amplification and adaptation employ both transcriptional and post‐transcriptional regulation.

中文翻译：

乙烯信号通路中的扩增和适应

植物对乙烯信号非常敏感，并且对乙烯浓度的响应范围要比基于其主要信号转导途径的简单电路所可能实现的范围宽得多，这表明存在扩增和适应乙烯信号的机制。在这里，在关于植物乙烯信号传导途径以及动物G蛋白偶联受体和细菌甲基受体趋化性蛋白的信号传导的已知背景下考虑这种调节系统。幅度放大和灵敏度放大机制被认为是放大乙烯信号的策略。描述了使植物对乙烯不敏感从而促进植物的乙烯适应性反应的几种负反馈调节剂。这些负反馈调节剂包括乙烯受体本身，RTE1 / GR家族和ARGOS家族，它们均在乙烯受体的水平上起作用，以使植物对乙烯脱敏。这些负调节剂还包括F-box蛋白的EBF家族，其针对降解的EIN3 / EIL转录因子家族。乙烯信号的扩增和适应同时采用转录和转录后调控。

更新日期：2019-10-01

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