The control of soil seed bank (SSB) dynamics is crucial to the ecologies of plant populations of many species, but has been little studied in tropical environments. The objectives of this work were to characterize the SSB of Acrocomia aculeata, an important neotropical oleaginous palm, and to define the influence of edaphic and climatic factors on its dynamics. Exposed and buried diaspores were collected in five areas of the Cerrado biome in central Brazil. Evaluations of the diaspores, young plants, and in vitro embryo cultures defined 26 indicators of SSB dynamics that were correlated with 19 physical-chemical attributes of the soil. Seedlings emergence was studied under greenhouse conditions during five years and the thermal control of germination was evaluated experimentally. A. aculeata forms persistent SSBs, with P being the main edaphic factor associated with seed input. High levels of Al and clay (associated with insect predation), organic matter (fungal contamination), and sand (bacterial contamination) contributed to negative outputs (embryo death). The maintenance of intact SSB embryos, however, is independent of edaphic factors. Wide thermal amplitudes in the winter associated with high temperatures in the spring promote overcoming dormancy and favor positive SSB outputs as well as the synchronization of seedling emergence at the beginning of rainy season. The high productivity of A. aculeata and its ability to maintain viable but dormant embryos in the soil contribute to controlling SSB dynamics, reproductive success, and its wide distribution.

土壤种子库（SSB）动态的控制对于许多物种的植物种群生态至关重要，但是在热带环境中进行的研究很少。这项工作的目的是表征重要的新热带含油棕榈树Acrocomia aculeata的SSB ，并确定环境和气候因素对其动力学的影响。在巴西中部的塞拉多生物群落的五个地区收集了裸露的和埋藏的diaspores。对水生孢子，幼小植物和体外胚胎培养物的评估确定了26种SSB动力学指标，这些指标与土壤的19种物理化学特性相关。研究了在温室条件下五年内幼苗的出苗，并通过实验评估了发芽的热控制。。短叶农杆菌形成持久的SSB，其中P是与种子输入有关的主要营养因子。高含量的铝和粘土（与昆虫捕食有关），有机物（真菌污染）和沙子（细菌污染）造成了负输出（胚胎死亡）。但是，完整的SSB胚胎的维持与edaphic因素无关。冬季大幅度的热振幅与春季的高温有关，这有助于克服休眠，并有利于SSB的正输出以及雨季开始时幼苗出苗的同步。短柄农杆菌的高生产力及其在土壤中维持存活但休眠的胚的能力有助于控制SSB动力学，繁殖成功及其广泛分布。