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The multifaceted role of iron in renal health and disease.
Nature Reviews Nephrology ( IF 28.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-25 , DOI: 10.1038/s41581-019-0197-5 Rachel P L van Swelm 1 , Jack F M Wetzels 2 , Dorine W Swinkels 1
Nature Reviews Nephrology ( IF 28.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-25 , DOI: 10.1038/s41581-019-0197-5 Rachel P L van Swelm 1 , Jack F M Wetzels 2 , Dorine W Swinkels 1
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Iron is an essential element that is indispensable for life. The delicate physiological body iron balance is maintained by both systemic and cellular regulatory mechanisms. The iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin assures maintenance of adequate systemic iron levels and is regulated by circulating and stored iron levels, inflammation and erythropoiesis. The kidney has an important role in preventing iron loss from the body by means of reabsorption. Cellular iron levels are dependent on iron import, storage, utilization and export, which are mainly regulated by the iron response element-iron regulatory protein (IRE-IRP) system. In the kidney, iron transport mechanisms independent of the IRE-IRP system have been identified, suggesting additional mechanisms for iron handling in this organ. Yet, knowledge gaps on renal iron handling remain in terms of redundancy in transport mechanisms, the roles of the different tubular segments and related regulatory processes. Disturbances in cellular and systemic iron balance are recognized as causes and consequences of kidney injury. Consequently, iron metabolism has become a focus for novel therapeutic interventions for acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, which has fuelled interest in the molecular mechanisms of renal iron handling and renal injury, as well as the complex dynamics between systemic and local cellular iron regulation.
中文翻译：
铁在肾脏健康和疾病中的多重作用。
铁是生命中必不可少的基本元素。体内和细胞的调节机制都可以维持体内微妙的生理铁平衡。铁调节激素铁调素可确保维持足够的全身铁水平，并通过循环和储存铁水平，炎症和红细胞生成来调节。肾脏在防止铁通过重吸收而流失方面具有重要作用。细胞铁水平取决于铁的进口，储存，利用和出口，铁主要由铁反应元件-铁调节蛋白（IRE-IRP）系统调节。在肾脏中，已经确定了与IRE-IRP系统无关的铁转运机制，这表明该器官中铁的其他处理机制。然而，在转运机制的冗余，不同肾小管节段的作用以及相关的调节过程方面，关于肾铁处理的知识差距仍然存在。细胞和全身铁平衡的紊乱被认为是肾损伤的原因和后果。因此，铁代谢已成为急性肾损伤和慢性肾脏疾病的新型治疗手段的焦点，这引起了人们对肾铁处理和肾损伤的分子机制以及全身和局部细胞铁调节之间复杂动态的兴趣。 。
更新日期：2019-09-26
中文翻译：
铁在肾脏健康和疾病中的多重作用。
铁是生命中必不可少的基本元素。体内和细胞的调节机制都可以维持体内微妙的生理铁平衡。铁调节激素铁调素可确保维持足够的全身铁水平，并通过循环和储存铁水平，炎症和红细胞生成来调节。肾脏在防止铁通过重吸收而流失方面具有重要作用。细胞铁水平取决于铁的进口，储存，利用和出口，铁主要由铁反应元件-铁调节蛋白（IRE-IRP）系统调节。在肾脏中，已经确定了与IRE-IRP系统无关的铁转运机制，这表明该器官中铁的其他处理机制。然而，在转运机制的冗余，不同肾小管节段的作用以及相关的调节过程方面，关于肾铁处理的知识差距仍然存在。细胞和全身铁平衡的紊乱被认为是肾损伤的原因和后果。因此，铁代谢已成为急性肾损伤和慢性肾脏疾病的新型治疗手段的焦点，这引起了人们对肾铁处理和肾损伤的分子机制以及全身和局部细胞铁调节之间复杂动态的兴趣。 。
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