与狗行为特征有关的生理应激反应性和恢复能力（犬类）。,PLOS ONE

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与狗行为特征有关的生理应激反应性和恢复能力（犬类）。
PLOS ONE ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-17 , DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222581
Rian C M M Lensen ₁ , Christel P H Moons ₂ , Claire Diederich ₁

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这项研究调查了应激反应性（在一种情况下）是否可以用于预测狗在日常生活中的行为。在两种情况下（NT1 = 32只幼犬； NT2 = 16位年轻成年人），以反应性（测试后10分钟）和恢复（测试后40分钟）的方式测量了狗在家中进行行为测试后的生理应激反应。三种唾液标志物：皮质醇，嗜铬粒蛋白A（CgA）和分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）。对于每种标记物，确定生理反应较强的狗与生理反应较弱的狗在日常生活中是否表现出不同的行为。结果揭示了三个主要发现：首先，对于CgA和皮质醇，根据采样时间确定了不同的模式。与理想性状相关的高反应性，行为测试后恢复缓慢与不良特征有关。研究结果表明，行为测试后10分钟CgA和皮质醇水平升高反映了适应性应激反应，而测试后40分钟升高水平反映应对失败。其次，sIgA的模式不同于CgA和皮质醇：仅在T2时发现与行为特征的显着关联，通常被认为是可取的，并且与可培训性有关。sIgA的延迟反应模式可能会导致标记之间的差异，因为sIgA反映了由于皮质醇的免疫抑制作用而导致的对应激的（次要）免疫反应。第三，幼犬的生理应激反应（T1）的预测能力尚无定论，并且与T2的行为特征存在相反的关系，提示发展因素起着重要作用。这项研究提供了有关压力生理与行为特征之间关系的新见解，并提供了方法学建议以进一步研究这些模式。总之，生理标志物可以为狗表现出某些行为的趋势提供更多的见解，尤其是在成年阶段。需要进一步研究以确认这些模式。

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Physiological stress reactivity and recovery related to behavioral traits in dogs (Canis familiaris).

This study investigated whether stress responsiveness (in one context) can be used to predict dog behavior in daily life. On two occasions (NT1 = 32 puppies; NT2 = 16 young adults), dogs' physiological stress response after a behavioral test at home was measured in terms of reactivity (10 min post-test) and recovery (40 min post-test) for three salivary markers: cortisol, chromogranin A (CgA) and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA). For each marker, it was determined whether dogs with a strong physiological response displayed different behavior in daily life compared to dogs with a weaker physiological response. The results revealed three main findings: first, for CgA and cortisol, different patterns were identified according to sample time. High reactivity related to desirable traits, whereas slow recovery after the behavioral test related to undesirable traits. The findings suggest that increased levels of CgA and cortisol 10 minutes after the behavioral test reflected an adaptive stress response, whereas elevated levels 40 minutes after the test reflected unsuccessful coping. Second, patterns for sIgA differed from CgA and cortisol: significant associations were only found with behavioral traits at T2, mostly considered desirable and related to Trainability. Possibly, the delayed reaction pattern of sIgA caused this difference between markers, as sIgA reflects the (secondary) immune response to stress, due to immunosuppressive effects of cortisol. Third, predictive capacity of puppies' physiological stress response (T1) was inconclusive, and contrary relations were found with behavioral traits at T2, suggesting that developmental factors play an important role. This study provides new insights about the relation between stress physiology and behavioral traits, and methodological advice is given to study these patterns further. In conclusion, physiological markers could provide additional insights in dogs' tendencies to display certain behaviors, especially at the young adult stage. Further studies are needed to confirm these patterns.

更新日期：2019-09-18

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