Natural diets promote retention of the native gut microbiota in captive rodents.,The ISME Journal

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Natural diets promote retention of the native gut microbiota in captive rodents.
The ISME Journal ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-09 , DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0497-6
Rodolfo Martínez-Mota ₁ , Kevin D Kohl ₂ , Teri J Orr ₁ , M Denise Dearing ₁

Affiliation

Wild animals entering captivity experience radical lifestyle changes resulting in microbiome alterations. However, little is known about the factors that drive microbial community shifts in captivity, and what actions could mitigate microbial changes. Using white-throated woodrats (Neotoma albigula), we tested whether offering natural diets in captivity facilitates retention of native microbial communities of captive animals. Wild-caught woodrats were brought to laboratory conditions. Woodrats received either a natural diet of Opuntia cactus or an artificial diet of commercial chow over three weeks. Microbial inventories from woodrat feces at the time of capture and in captivity were generated using Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing. We found that providing woodrats with wild-natural diets significantly mitigated alterations in their microbiota, promoting a 90% retention of native microbial communities across the experiment. In contrast, the artificial diet significantly impacted microbial structure to the extent that 38% of the natural microflora was lost. Core bacteria including Bifidobacterium and Allobaculum were lost, and abundances of microbes related to oxalate degradation decreased in individuals fed artificial but not natural diets. These results highlight the importance of supplementing captive diets with natural foods to maintain native microbiomes of animals kept in artificial conditions for scientific or conservation purposes.

中文翻译：

天然饮食促进圈养啮齿动物保留天然肠道微生物群。

进入圈养的野生动物经历了彻底的生活方式变化，导致微生物组发生变化。然而，关于驱动圈养微生物群落变化的因素，以及哪些措施可以缓解微生物变化，我们知之甚少。使用白喉林鼠 (Neotoma albigula)，我们测试了在圈养中提供天然饮食是否有助于保留圈养动物的原生微生物群落。野生捕获的林鼠被带到实验室条件下。Woodrats 在三周内接受了仙人掌的天然饮食或商业食物的人工饮食。使用 Illumina 16S rRNA 测序生成捕获和圈养时木鼠粪便中的微生物清单。我们发现，为林鼠提供野生天然饮食可显着减轻其微生物群的变化，在整个实验过程中促进 90% 的原生微生物群落保留。相比之下，人工饮食对微生物结构的影响显着，以至于损失了 38% 的天然微生物区系。包括双歧杆菌和异芽孢杆菌在内的核心细菌丢失了，在人工喂养而非天然饮食的个体中，与草酸盐降解相关的微生物丰度下降。这些结果强调了用天然食物补充圈养饮食以维持出于科学或保护目的而人工饲养的动物的原生微生物群落的重要性。包括双歧杆菌和异芽孢杆菌在内的核心细菌丢失了，在人工喂养而非天然饮食的个体中，与草酸盐降解相关的微生物丰度下降。这些结果强调了用天然食物补充圈养饮食以维持出于科学或保护目的而人工饲养的动物的原生微生物群落的重要性。包括双歧杆菌和异芽孢杆菌在内的核心细菌丢失了，在人工喂养而非天然饮食的个体中，与草酸盐降解相关的微生物丰度下降。这些结果强调了用天然食物补充圈养饮食以维持出于科学或保护目的而人工饲养的动物的原生微生物群落的重要性。

更新日期：2019-09-09

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