A large amount of lead paste, which is produced by waste lead-acid batteries, and zinc leaching residue are hazardous wastes that have not been effectively treated around the world. A cleaner production process (reducing-matting smelting) was first proposed to harmlessly co-treat lead-containing hazardous solid waste and zinc leaching residues. During reducing-matting smelting, iron-containing waste (zinc leaching residue) as sulfur-fixing agent to retain sulfur, which reduces sulfur dioxide generation and emissions. Thermodynamic analysis shows that reducing-matting process requires strong reduction atmosphere. Zinc leaching residue provides the iron, silicon and calcium required for the slagging. Lead-containing waste after roasting is mixed with zinc leaching residue for reducing-matting smelting. Under optimum smelting conditions (8 wt% coke, Ferrous oxide/Silicon dioxide = 1.8, Calcium oxide/Silicon dioxide = 0.6, smelting at 1350 ^°C for 1.5 h), 92.4% of lead is recovered and fixed in the crude lead, lead content of slag drops to 1.2%. A portion of iron reacted with sulfur to form ferrous sulfide, most of the iron was present in the slag. This cleaner production technique also provides an alternative reference method for co-treatment of other lead waste containing sulfur.

废铅酸电池产生的大量铅膏和锌浸出残留物是危险废料，尚未在世界范围内得到有效处理。最初提出了一种清洁生产工艺（减少熔渣熔炼）以无害地共处理含铅的危险固体废物和锌浸出残留物。在还原消光熔炼过程中，含铁废物（锌浸出残渣）作为固硫剂保留了硫，从而减少了二氧化硫的产生和排放。热力学分析表明，还原消光过程需要强烈的还原气氛。锌浸出残渣提供了排渣所需的铁，硅和钙。焙烧后将含铅废物与锌浸出残渣混合，以减少熔渣的熔炼。在最佳冶炼条件下（8重量％的焦炭， ^℃（1.5 h），回收了92.4％的铅并将其固定在粗铅中，矿渣中的铅含量降至1.2％。一部分铁与硫反应形成硫化亚铁，大部分铁存在于炉渣中。这种更清洁的生产技术还为共处理其他含硫的铅废物提供了另一种参考方法。