Data presenting the environmental occurrence of ultra-short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are scarce and little is known about the potential sources. In this study, ultra-short-chain PFAAs were analyzed in water connected to potential point sources using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Samples (n = 34) were collected in connection with firefighting training sites, landfills, and a hazardous waste management facility. Ultra-short-chain PFAAs were detected in all samples at concentrations up to 84 000 ng/L (∑C1–C3), representing up to 69% of the concentration of 29 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), perfluoropropanoic acid (PFPrA), trifluoromethane sulfonic acid (TFMS), perfluoroethane sulfonic acid (PFEtS), and perfluoropropane sulfonic acid (PFPrS) were detected at concentrations up to 14 000, 53 000, 940, 1700, and 15 000 ng/L, respectively. Principal component analysis suggests that TFA is associated with landfills. PFPrS was associated with samples collected close to the source at all types of sites included in this study. These findings reveal the presence of high concentrations of ultra-short-chain PFAAs released into the environment from various sources and emphasize the large fraction of ultra-short-chain PFAAs to the total concentration of PFASs in water.

中文翻译：

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超短链全氟烷基酸，包括与瑞典已知和可疑点源相连的水中的三氟甲烷磺酸

关于超短链全氟烷基酸（PFAAs）发生在环境中的数据很少，对潜在来源知之甚少。在这项研究中，使用超临界流体色谱和串联质谱法在与潜在点源相连的水中对超短链PFAAs进行了分析。样本数= 34）是与消防训练场，垃圾掩埋场和危险废物管理设施有关的。在所有样品中检测到的超短链PFAA的浓度最高为84 000 ng / L（∑C1-C3），占​​29种全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFASs）浓度的69％。检测到的三氟乙酸（TFA），全氟丙酸（PFPrA），三氟甲烷磺酸（TFMS），全氟乙烷磺酸（PFEtS）和全氟丙烷磺酸（PFPrS）的浓度分别高达14000、53 000、940、1700和15000 ng / L。主成分分析表明，TFA与垃圾填埋场有关。PFPrS与在本研究中包括的所有类型地点附近采集的样品相关。