LaMer’s 1950 Model for Particle Formation of Instantaneous Nucleation and Diffusion-Controlled Growth: A Historical Look at the Model’s Origins, Assumptions, Equations, and Underlying Sulfur Sol Formation Kinetics Data,Chemistry of Materials

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LaMer’s 1950 Model for Particle Formation of Instantaneous Nucleation and Diffusion-Controlled Growth: A Historical Look at the Model’s Origins, Assumptions, Equations, and Underlying Sulfur Sol Formation Kinetics Data
Chemistry of Materials ( IF 7.2 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-04 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b01273
Christopher B. Whitehead ₁ , Saim Özkar ₂ , Richard G. Finke ₁

Affiliation

A look back at LaMer’s 1950 model of particle formation is undertaken (LaMer, V. K.; Dinegar, R. H. Theory, Production and Mechanism of Formation of Monodispersed Hydrosols. J. Am. Chem. Soc.1950, 72, 4847–4854), a highly cited paper that has more than 1953 citations as of March 2019. The nonmathematical, verbal version of LaMer’s model, namely, the concepts of “instantaneous” (or “burst”) nucleation and “diffusion-controlled” growth, continues to be heavily cited because, until recently, it was the only known way to try to explain how narrow particle-size distributions might form from self-assembly syntheses. The following specific topics are addressed in separate sections: (i) the chemical origins of the LaMer model, (ii) the original sulfur hydrosol formation system, (iii) the often-cited schematic and then associated words-only descriptions of the LaMer model, (iv) the nine assumptions underlying the LaMer equation and quantitative model, (v) the question of whether LaMer’s model is actually primarily a “growth model” if one notes that “instantaneous nucleation” is an initial assumption made for mathematical purposes, and (vi) the actual LaMer equation (and the question of when it has been used to fit particle formation kinetics data). Additional topics discussed are (vii) the disconnect between LaMer’s quantitative model and associated differential equation vs any testing against experimental kinetics data, (viii) a look at the kinetics data for, and the current understanding of, the mechanism of sulfur sol formation, (ix) the 1926, first kinetics data for sulfur sol formation, (x) light scattering data for sulfur sol formation, (xi) fitting of the 1926 kinetics data for sulfur sol formation by a minimalistic two-step mechanism, and (xii) the interesting effect of microfiltration and the removal of dust on the size distribution of sulfur sols. Also provided is (xiii) a summary and conclusions section.

中文翻译：

LaMer的1950年瞬时成核和扩散控制生长的粒子形成模型：对模型起源，假设，方程式和底层硫溶胶形成动力学数据的历史考察

在拉默的颗粒形成1950模型一回头被进行（拉默，VK; Dinegar，RH理论，生产和单分散水溶胶的形成机理。J.化学会志。1950年，72（4847–4854），截至2019年3月，该论文被引用超过1953次。LaMer模型的非数学，言语版本，即“瞬时”（或“爆发”）成核和“扩散控制”的概念”增长一直被大量引用，因为直到最近，它还是试图解释自组装合成可能如何形成窄粒度分布的唯一已知方法。以下特定主题在单独的部分中论述：（i）LaMer模型的化学起源，（ii）原始硫水溶胶形成系统，（iii）LaMer模型的经常被引用的示意图以及相关的仅单词描述，（iv）LaMer方程和定量模型的9个假设，（v）如果有人指出“瞬时成核”是出于数学目的而做出的初始假设，那么LaMer模型是否实际上主要是“增长模型”的问题，以及（vi）实际的LaMer方程（以及何时具有用来拟合粒子形成动力学数据）。讨论的其他主题包括（vii）LaMer定量模型与相关的微分方程之间的脱节以及相对于实验动力学数据的任何测试;（viii）观察硫溶胶形成机理的动力学数据以及当前的理解，（ ix）1926年，硫溶胶形成的第一动力学数据，（x）硫溶胶形成的光散射数据，（xi）通过极简两步机制拟合1926年硫溶胶形成的动力学数据，（xii）微滤和除尘对硫溶胶尺寸分布的有趣影响。还提供了（xiii）摘要和结论部分。

更新日期：2019-09-05

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