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Surface Modification with Gallium Coating as Nonwetting Surfaces for Gallium-Based Liquid Metal Droplet Manipulation
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-12 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12493 Ziyu Chen 1 , Jeong Bong Lee 1
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-12 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12493 Ziyu Chen 1 , Jeong Bong Lee 1
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We report gallium (Ga) coating as a simple approach to convert most common microfluidic substrates to nonwetting surfaces against surface-oxidized gallium-based liquid metal alloys. These alloys are readily oxidized in ambient air and adhere to almost all surfaces, which imposes significant challenges in mobilizing liquid metal droplets without leaving residue. Various flat substrates (e.g., PDMS, Si, SiO2, SU-8, glass, and parylene-C coated PDMS) were coated with thin film (75–200 nm in thickness) of gallium by evaporation and the coated gallium formed nanoscale uneven and rough surface through Ostwald ripening with its surface covered with oxide shell. Static and dynamic contact angles of the gallium-coated surfaces were found to be greater than 160°, while dynamic contact angle measurements showed contact angle hysteresis in the range of 6.5–24.4°. Surface-oxidized gallium-based liquid metal alloy droplets were shown to bounce off and roll on the gallium-coated surfaces without leaving any residue which confirms the nonwettability of the gallium-coated flat surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed the gallium-coated flat substrates consist of nanoscale hemispherical structures with average surface roughness of 33.8 nm. Pneumatic actuation of surface-oxidized liquid metal droplets in PDMS microfluidic channels coated with gallium was conducted to confirm the feasibility of utilizing gallium coating as an effective surface modification for surface-oxidized gallium-based liquid metal droplet manipulation.
中文翻译：
镓涂层作为非润湿表面的基于镓的液态金属液滴操纵的表面改性
我们报道了镓（Ga）涂层是一种简单的方法，可以将最常见的微流控基体转化为针对表面氧化镓基液态金属合金的非润湿表面。这些合金很容易在环境空气中被氧化并粘附在几乎所有表面上，这在移动液态金属液滴而不会留下残留物方面提出了重大挑战。各种平面基板（例如，PDMS，Si，SiO 2，SU-8，玻璃和聚对二甲苯-C涂层的PDMS）通过蒸发镀有镓薄膜（厚度为75-200 nm），并且经奥斯特瓦尔德熟化，涂层的镓形成纳米级不平坦和粗糙的表面，其表面覆盖有氧化物壳。发现涂有镓的表面的静态和动态接触角大于160°，而动态接触角测量显示接触角滞后在6.5-24.4°范围内。显示表面氧化的镓基液态金属合金小滴反弹并在涂有镓的表面上滚动，而没有留下任何残留物，这证实了涂有镓的平坦表面的不可润湿性。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和原子力显微镜（AFM）显示，镀镓的平坦基板由纳米级半球形结构组成，平均表面粗糙度为33.8 nm。在涂有镓的PDMS微流体通道中对表面氧化的液态金属小滴进行了气动驱动，以确认利用镓涂层作为表面氧化镓基液态金属小滴处理的有效表面改性的可行性。
更新日期：2019-09-13
中文翻译：
镓涂层作为非润湿表面的基于镓的液态金属液滴操纵的表面改性
我们报道了镓（Ga）涂层是一种简单的方法，可以将最常见的微流控基体转化为针对表面氧化镓基液态金属合金的非润湿表面。这些合金很容易在环境空气中被氧化并粘附在几乎所有表面上，这在移动液态金属液滴而不会留下残留物方面提出了重大挑战。各种平面基板（例如，PDMS，Si，SiO 2，SU-8，玻璃和聚对二甲苯-C涂层的PDMS）通过蒸发镀有镓薄膜（厚度为75-200 nm），并且经奥斯特瓦尔德熟化，涂层的镓形成纳米级不平坦和粗糙的表面，其表面覆盖有氧化物壳。发现涂有镓的表面的静态和动态接触角大于160°，而动态接触角测量显示接触角滞后在6.5-24.4°范围内。显示表面氧化的镓基液态金属合金小滴反弹并在涂有镓的表面上滚动，而没有留下任何残留物，这证实了涂有镓的平坦表面的不可润湿性。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和原子力显微镜（AFM）显示，镀镓的平坦基板由纳米级半球形结构组成，平均表面粗糙度为33.8 nm。在涂有镓的PDMS微流体通道中对表面氧化的液态金属小滴进行了气动驱动，以确认利用镓涂层作为表面氧化镓基液态金属小滴处理的有效表面改性的可行性。
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