Spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity (STDP) is a leading cellular model for behavioral learning and memory with rich computational properties. However, the relationship between the millisecond-precision spike timing required for STDP and the much slower timescales of behavioral learning is not well understood. Neuromodulation offers an attractive mechanism to connect these different timescales, and there is now strong experimental evidence that STDP is under neuromodulatory control by acetylcholine, monoamines, and other signaling molecules. Here, we review neuromodulation of STDP, the underlying mechanisms, functional implications, and possible involvement in brain disorders.

中文翻译：

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穗时间依赖性的可塑性的神经调节：过去，现在和未来。

依赖于尖峰时间的突触可塑性（STDP）是用于行为学习和记忆的领先细胞模型，具有丰富的计算特性。但是，尚不十分了解STDP所需的毫秒级尖峰定时与行为学习的慢得多的时标之间的关系。神经调节提供了一种有吸引力的机制来连接这些不同的时间尺度，现在有强大的实验证据表明，STDP受乙酰胆碱，单胺和其他信号分子的神经调节作用的控制。在这里，我们回顾了STDP的神经调节，其潜在机制，功能含义以及可能与脑部疾病有关。