Traditionally, electrochromic materials rely on counter redox materials like ferrocene to realize redox processes. In this work, two novel, closely related series of electrochromic materials bearing push‐pull electronic structure were designed and synthesised (N,N,N’,N’‐tetra(pyridin‐4‐yl)‐1,4‐phenylenediamine derivatives (TPPDs) and N,N,N′,N′‐tetra(pyridin‐4‐yl)benzidine derivatives (TPBDs)). When stimulated by an external electric field, both series of compounds exhibited intramolecular charge transfer because of their push‐pull electronic structures. Therefore, the TPPDs and TPBDs could undergo redox processes without the assistance of counter electrode chemicals. Furthermore, the TPPDs and TPBDs could replace the electrolyte that is required in conventional electrochromic devices (ECDs) because of their conductivity. This allowed the fabrication of a simple, single‐component ECD.

中文翻译：

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具有推挽式电子结构的二（吡啶-4-基）苯胺衍生物：合成和电致变色性质

传统上，电致变色材料依赖于二茂铁等反氧化还原材料来实现氧化还原过程。在这项工作中，设计并合成了两个具有紧密推挽电子结构的新颖，密切相关的电致变色材料系列（N，N，N'，N'-四（吡啶-4-基）-1,4-苯二胺衍生物（ TPPD）和N，N，N'，N'-四（吡啶-4-基）联苯胺衍生物（TPBD））。当受到外部电场的刺激时，这两个系列的化合物由于具有推挽式电子结构，因此均表现出分子内电荷转移。因此，TPPD和TPBD可以在没有反电极化学物质帮助的情况下进行氧化还原过程。此外，TPPD和TPBD可以替代传统电致变色器件（ECD）所需的电解质，因为它们具有导电性。