Holography has numerous applications because of its capability of arbitrary wavefront modulation. Computer-generated holograms (CGHs) take it a big step forward. Conventional holography engineers the wavefront via phase accumulation, suffering from large size, low resolution, and small viewing angle. Metasurfaces, ultrathin two-dimensional metamaterials with subwavelength features, can manipulate the amplitude, phase, and polarization of the light, solving the above issues. In this review, advances of holography, CGH algorithms, and the principles of various metasurfaces are presented. Metasurface holography, realized by encoding the hologram in the metasurface, is investigated. Information multiplexing methods of metasurface holograms, including wavelength-multiplexed, polarization-multiplexed, complex amplitude modulated, nonlinear, and dynamic metasurfaces, are presented. The challenges and outlook of metasurface holograms are discussed.

中文翻译：

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当超表面遇上全息图：原理与进展

全息术因其任意波前调制的能力而具有众多应用。计算机生成的全息图 (CGH) 向前迈出了一大步。传统的全息技术通过相位累积来设计波前，存在尺寸大、分辨率低和视角小的问题。超表面是具有亚波长特征的超薄二维超材料，可以控制光的振幅、相位和偏振，解决上述问题。在这篇综述中，介绍了全息术、CGH 算法和各种超表面的原理的进展。研究了通过在超表面中编码全息图来实现的超表面全息术。超表面全息图的信息复用方法，包括波长复用、偏振复用、复调幅、非线性、和动态超表面，呈现。讨论了超表面全息图的挑战和前景。