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Mul1 restrains Parkin-mediated mitophagy in mature neurons by maintaining ER-mitochondrial contacts.
Nature Communications ( IF 14.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-08-13 , DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11636-5
Rajat Puri 1 , Xiu-Tang Cheng 1 , Mei-Yao Lin 1 , Ning Huang 1 , Zu-Hang Sheng 1
Affiliation  

Chronic mitochondrial stress associates with major neurodegenerative diseases. Recovering stressed mitochondria constitutes a critical step of mitochondrial quality control and thus energy maintenance in early stages of neurodegeneration. Here, we reveal Mul1-Mfn2 pathway that maintains neuronal mitochondrial integrity under stress conditions. Mul1 deficiency increases Mfn2 activity that triggers the first phasic mitochondrial hyperfusion and also acts as an ER-Mito tethering antagonist. Reduced ER-Mito coupling leads to increased cytoplasmic Ca2+ load that activates calcineurin and induces the second phasic Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fragmentation and mitophagy. Overexpressing Mfn2, but not Mfn1, mimics Mul1-deficient phenotypes, while expressing PTPIP51, an ER-Mito anchoring protein, suppresses Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Thus, by regulating mitochondrial morphology and ER-Mito contacts, Mul1-Mfn2 pathway plays an early checkpoint role in maintaining mitochondrial integrity. Our study provides new mechanistic insights into neuronal mitochondrial maintenance under stress conditions, which is relevant to several major neurodegenerative diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and altered ER-Mito interplay.

中文翻译:

Mul1通过维持ER-线粒体接触来抑制帕金介导的成熟神经元线粒体。

慢性线粒体应激与主要的神经退行性疾病有关。恢复紧张的线粒体是线粒体质量控制的关键步骤,因此是神经退行性疾病早期阶段的能量维持。在这里,我们揭示了在应激条件下维持神经元线粒体完整性的Mul1-Mfn2途径。Mul1缺乏症会增加Mfn2活性,从而触发第一个阶段性线粒体过度融合,并且还充当ER-Mito系链拮抗剂。减少的ER-Mito耦合导致增加的胞质Ca2 +负荷,从而激活钙调神经磷酸酶并诱导第二阶段的依赖于Drp1的线粒体断裂和线粒体吞噬。过表达Mfn2,而不是Mfn1,过表达Mul1缺陷型,同时表达PTPIP51,一种ER-Mito锚定蛋白,抑制了Parkin介导的细胞吞噬作用。因此,通过调节线粒体形态和ER-Mito接触,Mul1-Mfn2通路在维持线粒体完整性方面起着早期检查点的作用。我们的研究为应激条件下神经元线粒体的维持提供了新的机制性见解,这与与线粒体功能障碍和ER-Mito相互作用改变有关的几种主要神经退行性疾病有关。
更新日期:2019-08-13
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