Despite its potential for device application, the nonmagnetic Zeeman effect has only been predicted and observed in two-dimensional compounds. We demonstrate that noncentrosymmetric three-dimensional compounds can also exhibit a Zeeman-type spin splitting, allowing the splitting control by changing the growth direction of slabs formed by these compounds. We determine the required conditions for this effect: (i) noncentrosymmetric including polar and nonpolar point groups, (ii) valence band maximum or conduction band minimum in a generic k-point, i.e., non-time-reversal-invariant momentum, and (iii) zero magnetic moment. Using these conditions as filters, we perform a material screening to systematically search for these systems in the AFLOW-ICSD database. We find 20 candidates featuring the Zeeman-type effect. We also find that the spin splitting in confined systems can be controlled by an external electric field, which in turns can induce a metal–insulator transition. We believe that this work will open the way for the discovery of novel fundamental effects related to the spin polarization control.

尽管具有潜在的器件应用前景，但非磁性塞曼效应仅在二维化合物中才能预测和观察到。我们证明了非中心对称的三维化合物还可以表现出塞曼型自旋分裂，通过改变由这些化合物形成的平板的生长方向，可以进行分裂控制。我们确定实现此效果的必要条件：（i）非中心对称的，包括极性和非极性点组，（ii）通用k中的价带最大值或导带最小值点，即非时间不变动量，以及（iii）零磁矩。使用这些条件作为筛选器，我们进行了物料筛选，以在AFLOW-ICSD数据库中系统地搜索这些系统。我们发现20位具有塞曼型效应的候选人。我们还发现，受限系统中的自旋分裂可以由外部电场控制，而外部电场又可以引起金属-绝缘体跃迁。我们相信，这项工作将为发现与自旋极化控制相关的新型基本效应开辟道路。