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Role of AIM2 inflammasome in inflammatory diseases, cancer and infection.
European Journal of Immunology ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-08-14 , DOI: 10.1002/eji.201848070 Bhesh Raj Sharma 1 , Rajendra Karki 1 , Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti 1
European Journal of Immunology ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-08-14 , DOI: 10.1002/eji.201848070 Bhesh Raj Sharma 1 , Rajendra Karki 1 , Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti 1
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AIM2 is a cytosolic innate immune receptor which recognizes double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) released during cellular perturbation and pathogenic assault. AIM2 recognition of dsDNA leads to the assembly of a large multiprotein oligomeric complex termed the inflammasome. This inflammasome assembly leads to the secretion of bioactive interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 and induction of an inflammatory form of cell death called pyroptosis. Sensing of dsDNA by AIM2 in the cytosol is crucial to mediate protection against the invading pathogens including bacteria, virus, fungi and parasites. AIM2 also responds to dsDNA released from damaged host cells, resulting in the secretion of the effector cytokines thereby driving the progression of sterile inflammatory diseases such as skin disease, neuronal disease, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Additionally, the protection mediated by AIM2 in the development of colorectal cancer depends on its ability to regulate epithelial cell proliferation and gut microbiota in maintaining intestinal homeostasis independently of the effector cytokines. In this review, we will highlight the recent progress on the role of the AIM2 inflammasome as a guardian of cellular integrity in modulating chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer and infection.
中文翻译：
AIM2炎性小体在炎性疾病，癌症和感染中的作用。
AIM2是胞质先天免疫受体，可识别在细胞扰动和病原体侵袭过程中释放的双链DNA（dsDNA）。dsDNA的AIM2识别导致称为发炎小体的大型多蛋白寡聚复合物的组装。这种炎症小体组装导致生物活性白介素-1β（IL-1β）和IL-18的分泌，并诱导了一种称为烧伤的炎性细胞死亡形式。细胞质中AIM2对dsDNA的传感对于介导针对入侵病原体（包括细菌，病毒，真菌和寄生虫）的保护至关重要。AIM2还对从受损宿主细胞释放的dsDNA做出反应，导致效应细胞因子的分泌，从而推动无菌炎症性疾病的发展，例如皮肤病，神经元疾病，慢性肾脏病，心血管疾病和糖尿病。另外，在结直肠癌的发展中由AIM2介导的保护作用取决于其调节上皮细胞增殖和肠道微生物群的能力，从而独立于效应细胞因子来维持肠道稳态。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍AIM2炎性小体在调节慢性炎性疾病，癌症和感染中作为细胞完整性保护者的作用的最新进展。
更新日期：2019-08-14
中文翻译：
AIM2炎性小体在炎性疾病，癌症和感染中的作用。
AIM2是胞质先天免疫受体，可识别在细胞扰动和病原体侵袭过程中释放的双链DNA（dsDNA）。dsDNA的AIM2识别导致称为发炎小体的大型多蛋白寡聚复合物的组装。这种炎症小体组装导致生物活性白介素-1β（IL-1β）和IL-18的分泌，并诱导了一种称为烧伤的炎性细胞死亡形式。细胞质中AIM2对dsDNA的传感对于介导针对入侵病原体（包括细菌，病毒，真菌和寄生虫）的保护至关重要。AIM2还对从受损宿主细胞释放的dsDNA做出反应，导致效应细胞因子的分泌，从而推动无菌炎症性疾病的发展，例如皮肤病，神经元疾病，慢性肾脏病，心血管疾病和糖尿病。另外，在结直肠癌的发展中由AIM2介导的保护作用取决于其调节上皮细胞增殖和肠道微生物群的能力，从而独立于效应细胞因子来维持肠道稳态。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍AIM2炎性小体在调节慢性炎性疾病，癌症和感染中作为细胞完整性保护者的作用的最新进展。
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