通过溶剂萃取从次要来源选择性回收金中简单酰胺的评价,ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

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通过溶剂萃取从次要来源选择性回收金中简单酰胺的评价
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-30 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b03436
Euan D. Doidge ₁ , Luke M. M. Kinsman ₁ , Yiran Ji ₁ , Innis Carson ₁ , Andrew J. Duffy ₁ , Izabela A. Kordas ₁ , Eddie Shao ₁ , Peter A. Tasker ₁ , Bryne T. Ngwenya ₂ , Carole A. Morrison ₁ , Jason B. Love ₁

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从报废的二次资源（例如电子废物）中回收金属仍然是当前严重不利于循环经济发展的重大环境和技术挑战。电子废物包含多种不同的元素金属，其性质复杂，这意味着需要开发复杂而简单的分离方法，以循环利用这些宝贵且通常至关重要的金属资源。在这项工作中，简单的伯，仲和叔酰胺被评估为在溶剂萃取实验中选择性地将金从水相转移到有机相的试剂。从单金属溶液中提取金的强度订购为3°> 2°> 1°，由于形成了第三相，因此3°和2°酰胺无法从代表智能手机的浓度的混合金属溶液中转移金。增加有机相的极性可否定第三相的形成，但以选择性为代价。通过斜率分析，质谱，NMR光谱和计算方法的组合，对位于有机相和第三相中的物种的身份进行了研究。这些技术表明酰胺的质子化和计算方法。这些技术表明酰胺的质子化和计算方法。这些技术表明酰胺的质子化L出现在氧原子上，产生质子化的二聚体H L ₂⁺，该质子作为AuCl ₄的受体^-在有机相中形成动态的超分子聚集体。X射线晶体学对第三相中锡配合物的表征支持了这些结论，并且进一步表明，质子被两个酰胺分子螯合而不是将水合氢转运到有机相中及其随后的用途结构模板。

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Evaluation of Simple Amides in the Selective Recovery of Gold from Secondary Sources by Solvent Extraction

The recycling of metals from end-of-life secondary sources such as electronic waste remains a significant environmental and technological challenge currently detrimental to the development of circular economies. The complex nature of electronic waste, containing a myriad of different elemental metals, means that sophisticated yet simple separation methods need to be developed to recycle these valuable and often critical metal resources. In this work, simple primary, secondary, and tertiary amides are appraised as reagents that selectively transport gold from aqueous to organic phases in solvent extraction experiments. While the strength of extraction of gold from single-metal solutions is ordered 3° > 2° > 1°, the 3° and 2° amides are ineffective at gold transport from mixed-metal solutions of concentrations representative of smartphones due to the formation of a third phase. Increasing the polarity of the organic phase can negate third-phase formation but at the expense of selectivity. The identities of the species that reside in the organic and third phases have been studied by a combination of slope analysis, mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, and computational methods. These techniques show that protonation of the amide L occurs at the oxygen atom, resulting in the protonated dimer HL₂⁺, which acts as a receptor for AuCl₄^– to form dynamic supramolecular aggregates in the organic phase. The characterization of a tin complex in the third phase by X-ray crystallography supports these conclusions and, furthermore, suggests the preference for the chelation of the proton by two amide molecules instead of the transport of hydronium into the organic phase and its subsequent use as a structural template.

更新日期：2019-07-30

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