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Evolution and ecology of plant viruses.
Nature Reviews Microbiology ( IF 69.2 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-16 , DOI: 10.1038/s41579-019-0232-3
Pierre Lefeuvre 1 , Darren P Martin 2 , Santiago F Elena 3, 4 , Dionne N Shepherd 5 , Philippe Roumagnac 6, 7 , Arvind Varsani 8, 9
Affiliation  

The discovery of the first non-cellular infectious agent, later determined to be tobacco mosaic virus, paved the way for the field of virology. In the ensuing decades, research focused on discovering and eliminating viral threats to plant and animal health. However, recent conceptual and methodological revolutions have made it clear that viruses are not merely agents of destruction but essential components of global ecosystems. As plants make up over 80% of the biomass on Earth, plant viruses likely have a larger impact on ecosystem stability and function than viruses of other kingdoms. Besides preventing overgrowth of genetically homogeneous plant populations such as crop plants, some plant viruses might also promote the adaptation of their hosts to changing environments. However, estimates of the extent and frequencies of such mutualistic interactions remain controversial. In this Review, we focus on the origins of plant viruses and the evolution of interactions between these viruses and both their hosts and transmission vectors. We also identify currently unknown aspects of plant virus ecology and evolution that are of practical importance and that should be resolvable in the near future through viral metagenomics.

中文翻译:

植物病毒的进化与生态学。

第一种非细胞感染因子的发现,后来被确定为烟草花叶病毒,为病毒学领域铺平了道路。在随后的几十年中,研究的重点是发现和消除病毒对植物和动物健康的威胁。然而,最近的概念和方法革命清楚地表明,病毒不仅是破坏因素,而且是全球生态系统的重要组成部分。由于植物占地球生物量的 80% 以上,植物病毒对生态系统稳定性和功能的影响可能比其他王国的病毒更大。除了防止遗传同质植物种群(如农作物)的过度生长外,一些植物病毒还可能促进其宿主适应不断变化的环境。然而,对这种互惠相互作用的程度和频率的估计仍然存在争议。在这篇综述中,我们关注植物病毒的起源以及这些病毒与其宿主和传播载体之间相互作用的演变。我们还确定了植物病毒生态学和进化的当前未知方面,这些方面具有实际重要性,并且应该可以在不久的将来通过病毒宏基因组学解决。
更新日期:2019-07-17
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