在过去的二十年中,猪已成为人类药物代谢的潜在模型而受到关注。细胞色素P450酶(CYP450)是生物转化酶的超家族,在药物代谢中起关键作用。猪CYP450已被证明可以转化人CYP450的典型底物。然而,对猪CYP450数量和底物选择性的了解和了解很少,尤其是对于肠道CYP450。当前的研究旨在通过蛋白质组学方法绘制常规猪中肝脏和肠道CYP450的含量图。此外,研究了六个最常用的探针底物(非那西丁,香豆素,咪达唑仑,甲苯磺丁酰胺,右美沙芬和氯唑沙宗)对药物代谢酶亚家族(分别为CYP1A,CYP2A,CYP3A,CYP2C,CYP2D和CYP2E)的选择性。肝相对量为4%(CYP1A),31%(CYP2A),14%(CYP3A),10%(CYP2C),28%(CYP2D)和13%(CYP2E),而对于肠只可以确定十二指肠CYP450 CYP3A为88%,CYP2C为12%。此外,结果表明香豆素(CYP2A),咪达唑仑(CYP3A),甲苯磺丁酰胺(CYP2C)和右美沙芬(CYP2D)对猪的选择性与对人CYP450的选择性相同。然而,非那西汀(CYP1A2)和氯唑沙宗(CYP2E1)对特定酶的选择性较低,尽管与人类相比,对所涉及的不同酶的选择性相似。咪达唑仑(CYP3A),甲苯磺丁酰胺(CYP2C)和右美沙芬(CYP2D)对猪的选择性与对人CYP450的选择性相同。然而,非那西汀(CYP1A2)和氯唑沙宗(CYP2E1)对特定酶的选择性较低,尽管与人类相比,对所涉及的不同酶的选择性相似。咪达唑仑(CYP3A),甲苯磺丁酰胺(CYP2C)和右美沙芬(CYP2D)对猪的选择性与对人CYP450的选择性相同。然而,非那西汀(CYP1A2)和氯唑沙宗(CYP2E1)对特定酶的选择性较低,尽管与人类相比,对所涉及的不同酶的选择性相似。
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Characterization of Porcine Hepatic and Intestinal Drug Metabolizing CYP450: Comparison with Human Orthologues from A Quantitative, Activity and Selectivity Perspective.
Over the past two decades, the pig has gained attention as a potential model for human drug metabolism. Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450), a superfamily of biotransformation enzymes, are pivotal in drug metabolism. Porcine CYP450 has been demonstrated to convert typical substrates of human CYP450. Nevertheless, knowledge and insight into porcine CYP450 quantity and substrate selectivity is scant, especially regarding intestinal CYP450. The current study aimed to map the quantities of hepatic and intestinal CYP450 in the conventional pig by using a proteomic approach. Moreover, the selectivity of the six most common used probe substrates (phenacetin, coumarin, midazolam, tolbutamide, dextromethorphan, and chlorzoxazone) for drug metabolizing enzyme subfamilies (CYP1A, CYP2A, CYP3A, CYP2C, CYP2D and CYP2E respectively), was investigated. Hepatic relative quantities were 4% (CYP1A), 31% (CYP2A), 14% (CYP3A), 10% (CYP2C), 28% (CYP2D) and 13% (CYP2E), whereas for the intestine only duodenal CYP450 could be determined with 88% for CYP3A and 12% for CYP2C. Furthermore, the results indicate that coumarin (CYP2A), midazolam (CYP3A), tolbutamide (CYP2C), and dextromethorphan (CYP2D) are as selective for porcine as for human CYP450. However, phenacetin (CYP1A2) and chlorzoxazone (CYP2E1) are less selective for the specific enzyme, despite similarities in selectivity towards the different enzymes involved compared to humans.