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Efficient Water Transport and Solar Steam Generation via Radially, Hierarchically Structured Aerogels
ACS Nano ( IF 15.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-06-24 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02331
Weizhong Xu 1 , Yun Xing 1 , Jian Liu 1 , Huaping Wu 2 , Ying Cui 3 , Dewen Li 3 , Daoyou Guo 1 , Chaorong Li 1 , Aiping Liu 1 , Hao Bai 3
Affiliation  

A nature-inspired water-cycling system, akin to trees, to perform effective water and solar energy management for photosynthesis and transpiration is considered to be a promising strategy to solve water scarcity issues globally. However, challenges remain in terms of the relatively low transport rate, short transport distance, and unsatisfactory extraction efficiency. Herein, enlightened by conifer tracheid construction, an efficient water transport and evaporation system composed of a hierarchical structured aerogel is reported. This architecture with radially aligned channels, micron pores, and molecular meshes is realized by applying a radial ice-template method and in situ cryopolymerization technique. This nature-inspired design benefits the aerogel excellent capillary rise performance, realizing a long-distance (>28 cm at 190 min) and quick (>1 cm at 1 s, >9 cm at 300 s) antigravity water transport on a macroscopic scale, regardless of clean water, seawater, sandy groundwater, or dye-including effluent. Furthermore, an efficient water transpiration and collection is performed by the bilayer-structured aerogel with a carbon heat collector on an aerogel top, demonstrating a solar steam generation rate of 2.0 kg m–2 h–1 with the energy conversion efficiency up to 85.7% under one solar illumination. This biomimetic design with the advantage of water transport and evaporation provides a potential approach to realize water purification, regeneration, and desalination.

中文翻译:

通过径向,分层结构的气凝胶有效地进行水传输和产生太阳能蒸汽

以自然为灵感的类似于树木的水循环系统来执行有效的水和太阳能管理以进行光合作用和蒸腾作用,被认为是解决全球水资源短缺问题的一种有前途的战略。然而,在相对较低的运输速率,较短的运输距离和令人满意的提取效率方面仍然存在挑战。在此,通过针叶树的气管构造的启发,报道了由分层结构化气凝胶组成的有效的水输送和蒸发系统。这种具有径向对齐通道,微米孔和分子网格的体系结构是通过应用径向冰模板方法并就地实现的冷冻聚合技术。这种受自然启发的设计使气凝胶具有出色的毛细管上升性能,在宏观范围内实现了长距离(190s> 28 cm,1s> 1 cm,300s> 9 cm)的长距离输水,无论清洁的水,海水,含沙的地下水或含染料的废水。此外,双层结构的气凝胶在气凝胶顶部带有碳集热器,可以有效地进行水的蒸腾和收集,表明太阳蒸汽的产生速率为2.0 kg m –2 h –1一次太阳照射下的能量转换效率高达85.7%。这种具有水传输和蒸发优势的仿生设计提供了实现水净化,再生和脱盐的潜在途径。
更新日期:2019-06-24
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