Abstract Isobutyl palmitate was synthesized by the esterification of palmitic acid and isobutanol with pyridine n-butyl bisulfate ionic liquid as the catalyst in a self-designed reactor. The kinetics of the esterification and cold flow properties of biodiesel were also studied. The optimal reaction conditions for the esterification are as follows: catalyst dosage, 6%; reaction time, 60 min; molar ratio of isobutanol to palmitic acid, 5:1; and reaction temperature, 100 °C. The verification test was conducted under the optimal conditions, and the esterification rate was up to 98.79%. The kinetics of catalytic esterification was analyzed. The reaction orders was 1.49; the activation energy E a was 57.38 kJ/mol; the frequency factor A was 2.70 × 107; and the reaction kinetics model was - d c A / d t = 2.70 × 10 7 e - 57.38 RT c A 1.49 . The solidifying point (SP), cold filter plugging point (CFPP), and kinematic viscosity of isobutyl palmitate obtained were 3 °C, 7 °C, and 4.93 mm2 s−1, respectively. Compared to methyl palmitate, the SP decreased by six times, and CFPP decreased by 3.28 times. Therefore, the use of branched-chain alcohol instead of methanol ester exchange descaling method can effectively reduce the SP and CFPP of biodiesel to improve cold flow properties of biodiesel.

中文翻译：

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棕榈酸异丁酯的催化酯化、动力学和冷流性能

摘要 在自行设计的反应器中，以吡啶正丁基硫酸氢盐离子液体为催化剂，通过棕榈酸与异丁醇酯化反应合成棕榈酸异丁酯。还研究了生物柴油的酯化动力学和冷流特性。酯化反应的最佳反应条件为：催化剂用量，6%；反应时间，60 分钟；异丁醇与棕榈酸的摩尔比，5:1；和反应温度，100℃。在最佳条件下进行验证试验，酯化率高达98.79%。分析了催化酯化的动力学。反应阶数为1.49；活化能E a 为57.38 kJ/mol；频率因子 A 为 2.70 × 107；反应动力学模型为-dc A / dt = 2.70 × 10 7 e - 57.38 RT c A 1.49 。所得棕榈酸异丁酯的凝固点 (SP)、冷滤点 (CFPP) 和运动粘度分别为 3 °C、7 °C 和 4.93 mm2 s-1。与棕榈酸甲酯相比，SP降低了6倍，CFPP降低了3.28倍。因此，采用支链醇代替甲醇酯交换除垢方法可以有效降低生物柴油的SP和CFPP，提高生物柴油的冷流性能。